“形容词短语”省略的理由和方式,与“分词短语”作后置定语一样。当它们不是句中的重点信息,就可以去掉关系代词和be动词。形容词作后置定语同定语从句一样,可以分为“限制性”和“非限制性”。
例1:I bought this comic book hot off the press. 我买了这本刚刚出版的漫画书。
例2:She is a kind lady, ready to help others. 她是一个善良的女人, 总是帮助别人。
例3:Companies large and small the world over have been developing their own “corporate universities”. 全世界大大小小的公司都一直在办自己的“公司大学”。
家住营市西街社区的吴继英老人今年87岁了,子女不在身边,老人一人居住,是典型的空巢老人。为了使像吴继英这样的空巢老人安享晚年,营市街每周会让居家养老服务员为老人提供3个小时的志愿服务,而且完全免费。社区居民蒋大君就是这样一名服务员,她每周一、三、五来到老人家,给老人收拾家务洗衣做饭、陪老人聊聊天。除此之外,老人们还能得到“爱心使者”们提供的`志愿服务。社区居民李志萍就是这样一位“爱心使者”,她的另一个身份是社区“五彩虹”艺术团的成员,擅长唱歌跳舞。今天她也来到老人家里,看到老人家里已经井井有条、一尘不染了,她便陪着老人唱唱歌。
当which引导的定语从句指代主句全部内容时,可以把which改为it,作形式主语,把原来的主句改成正在主语。或者把定语从句的整个信息改换为名词短语作主语,使原来的定语从句变成简单句。
例4: He indulges himself all day in computer games, which makes his parents extremely sad.
改为:It makes his parents extremely sad that he indulges himself all day in computer games.
他整天沉湎于电脑游戏,这使他父母伤心至极。(主语从句
或者:His indulgence in computer games all day makes his parents extremely sad. (名词短语
陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
错误: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正确: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.例如; I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
如果定语从句的时态与主句的时态具有同时性(包括谓语有情态动词或之后性,则可以用“关系代词或关系副词+不定式”来简化,或直接用“不定式”来修饰先行词。要注意的是,此时的不定式一定要是及物动词,如果是不及物,则需要在动词后面加上相应的介词,使之成为及物动词短语。这个结尾的介词可以提前到关系代词前面,也可以继续留在句尾。前者是正式说法,后者是非正式说法。
例1:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which they could play in.
我们搬到了乡下,好让孩子们有个花园在里面玩。
改为:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which to play.
或者:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden to play in.
例2:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors (whomhe could quarrel with.
他要是没有可以吵架的邻居就难受。
改为:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel.
或者:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors to quarrel with.
例3: The conference which will be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success. 计划在今天下午举行的会议一定会取得成功。
改为:The conference which to be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success.
或者:The conference to be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success.
例4:At a ceremony in Honolulu on Dec. 29, Postmaster General John E. Potter gave a preview of the Lunar New Year Commemorative Stamps Souvenir Sheet, the grand finale of the Lunar Year stamp series, which will be available in 2005.
12月29日,美国邮政总局局长约翰·E·波特在檀香山从句了农历新年的纪念邮票小型张的揭幕仪式,这枚小型张将于2005年正式发行,它为农历新年的系列纪念邮票写下了完美的结局。(注意:与定语从句一样,也可以采用非限制性形式
改为:At a ceremony in Honolulu on Dec. 29, Postmaster General John E. Potter gave a preview of the Lunar New Year Commemorative Stamps Souvenir Sheet, the grand finale of the Lunar Year stamp series, to be available in 2005.
一提到《西游记》大家肯定能将其中的一些片段记得滚瓜烂熟,我也一样,再一次拿出那本在书架上已微微发黄的《西游记》,爱不释手,没翻开几页,随着吴承恩爷爷的精彩描绘,就被其中的情节给吸引住了。
整部《西游记》中让我感受最深刻的是唐僧师徒四人过火焰山。传说这个火焰山可以把铜头铁身的人化成汁。后来孙悟空和唐僧一齐飞过去,可唐僧要一步一个脚印的走过去。后来,孙悟空去借芭蕉扇。
可第一次被扇到5万多里远的地方。第二次孙悟空跑到铁扇公主的肚子,于是铁扇公主借走了一把假扇子给孙悟空,没想到孙悟空越扇火越大。最后用计策借来了芭蕉扇,灭了火,过了火焰山,继续去取真经。
看到这里,我想到了在我们的学习当中也不是一帆风顺的,凡是遇到困难都要一一去克服它。从前我有妈妈帮助我,现在我要自己完成,我把老师教我们的方法都用上了,有总分总,先分后总、先总后分……都用了。我把好词好句都用上去了。最后妈妈夸我写了一篇好作文,语言精炼,内容丰富,使人一看就明白说的是什么。
复读了《西游记》,让我觉得其不属于一般名着的特点。我相信,也希望它永远向大家展示着“自由、神话、英雄”三个主题,给大家带来激励和源自内心的力量。所以,我希望大家都能来看看四大名着之一的西游记。
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