“在那遥远的小山村,小呀小山村,我那可爱的妈妈,已白发鬓鬓。”十几年来,是这首歌和唱首歌的美丽女人陪伴着我,不管是咫尺天涯,
我明白她一直住在我的心中。
我对她——我的妈妈,年轻时候的事全然不知,我是靠着几本厚厚的走进她的岁月。1990年的时候,她在日记中这样写道:“孩子的世界纯真无邪,孩子的笑能驱散一冬的阴霾,将来我要教我的孩子读书识字。”原来,早在那个时候,她就已经开始了对我的陪伴,以文字的方式。
一岁多的我体弱多病,几乎一整年都躺在医院里,她说那时候的我脆弱的像只刚出生不久的猫,终日很倦的样子。每天吃什么吐什么,我呕吐的时候,她就一边拍着我的背,一边流泪。当我又一次的晕过去,妈妈说她就坐在我的床边,几天几夜寸步不离的守着我、陪伴着我。她说,她握着我的手,就是在守护我们俩个的世界。她就这样的陪伴着我,以眼泪的方式。
因为大人们的是是非非,我和妈妈必须分开居住,她只能去乞求幼儿园,让她在午休时与我见上一面。于是我成了第一个在午休时间被探视的孩子。在别的.小朋友睡午觉的时候,我和妈妈坐在滑梯上,妈妈给我剪指甲,中午的阳关洒在周身很温暖。而当大门关闭。妈妈走出去的时候,我在老师的怀里哭的撕心裂肺,同时已经对下次见面开始了漫长的等待。午后的两个小时,她不说话,就静静的陪着我,以剪指甲的方式。
而今,我早已比她高出半个头,会牵着我年轻美丽的母亲向全世界炫耀我的幸福。她的眼角虽然聚了些皱纹,但眼睛依然美丽;她的头上虽然生出了几缕白发,但秀发依旧动人,她在岁月的波澜里褪去了冲动和青涩,多了成熟的魅力,在我的眼里,她永远是无人可及的美女。因为我明白,她的苍老是因为我的成长,她的白发,她的皱纹,都是我的财富。这些都见证了那些或近在咫尺、或远在天涯的陪伴。
妈,我想牵着你的手,两个人去宇宙,没引力左右,月光映出你的温柔。就算全世界我也可以放弃,只是还有你,值得我去珍惜。我想你一直陪着我,地久天长,地老天荒!
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
从小就很喜欢洋娃娃,但随着年龄的增长,我却不知不觉的忘却了它们和它们陪我的日子……
——题记
上小学四年级的时候,每天上学,都会路过一个很漂亮的大玻璃橱窗,除了漂亮的大人们穿的衣服外,在一个很显眼的地方还有一个大大的粉红色的兔子……头大大的歪着脑袋,眼睛大大的,穿着粉红色的背带裤,粉红色的舌头还吐出来笑,好可爱!可是……我买不起。但是每天上学时,还是会停下脚步来看它几眼。
六年级下学期时,有个叔叔送给我一个洋娃娃,那是我所有玩具里最大的一只,也是我认为最可爱的一只。
可是,我马上就是初中生了,我不再需要不会说话,也不会陪我玩的娃娃了!我有很多朋友,同学,他们会陪伴我!所以,我把娃娃都放在了衣柜的最底层。
成长是不是必须伴随着烦恼一起呢?我换下了以前爱穿的连衣裙,穿上流行的牛仔裤,T血,留着长发,任风吹拂着。在烈日下和同学们有说有笑,有打有闹的一起走在回家的路上。
我不知道现在的穿着,现在的行为,是否是自己喜欢的和想要的。管它呢!反正大家都是这样做的。
换上宽大的牛仔裤,去掉身上那些奇怪的装饰品,我换上可爱的小睡裙,红底小斑点,沿边缀着些蕾丝花边,我光着脚丫子在地板上走来走去,一转身,目光落在柜子里其中的一个洋娃娃身上,此时才发觉自己竟然和它穿的一样……
突然开始怀恋小时候抱着洋娃娃睡觉的日子了,那么简单的蓝的透明的天空!
我穿着那件曾经最爱的粉红色背带裤,顶着烈日站在那块大大的玻璃橱窗面前。
穿红色背带裤的兔子,伸出它红色的舌头,对着我笑……
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.