关于廉洁作文的基本框架【一】
（1） 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore， in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People， however， differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view， on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore， there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ________.
（2）利弊型的`议论文
Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目
______. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes， "every coin has two sides"， __讨论议题______ is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， ___缺点一______. In addition， ____ 缺点二______.
To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
（3）答题性议论文
Currently， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result， we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all， __途径一______. In addition， anotheer way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all， to solve the problem of ___作文题目______， we should find a
number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned， I would prefer to solve the problem in this way， that is to say， ____方法_____.
（4） 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb： " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. （ also theoretically ）
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore， it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二_.
Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
（2）利弊型的议论文
目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题
_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspJust As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides",is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题
into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.
( 3 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this pr______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concern
( 4 谚语警句性议论文
语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our stu. ( also theoretically
______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____ With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语
_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
★★★图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the _____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to
show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned,
I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
关于廉洁作文的基本框架【二】
关于廉洁作文的基本框架【三】
Sperber和Wilson主张用“关联原则”来解释人类的交际。他们认为，语言交际是一个认知过程，交际双方之所以能够配合默契，是因为有一个最佳的认知模式，即“关联”。关联由两个因素决定：语境效果和心智努力。人类认知活动的目标就是在认知过程中力图以最小的心智努力获得最大的语境效果。为了达到这个目标，人们必须把注意力集中于最为“关联”的信息，以获取信息和语境的最佳关联。最佳关联是指在话语理解时以一定的心智努力获得足够的语境效果。
交际是否成功关键在于人对事物之间的联系或关联的认识。人类在认知过程中往往以最大关联为取向，但在实际交际过程中我们只能期待产生一个最佳关联，即听者在理解话语时用最小的认知努力获得足够的语境效果，并以交际为取向。关联理论认为语境是一个在互动过程中为了正确理解话语而存在于人们大脑中的一系列假设，所以关联理论的语境不限于现实环境中的情景或话语本身的语境，交际中的语境不是固定不变的，而是动态的。而最佳的语境效果是由明示——推理模式提供的。明示，即说话人明白无误地表达出自己的意图；推理，即听话人从说话人提供的信息中推断出说话人暗含的意图。其中，听话人的推理是理解话语的核心，而关联则是听话人推理的基础。对话语进行推理就是在话语与语境假设之间寻找一种关联，关联选取得当就会获得足够的语境效果，有了语境效果，就能正确理解话语，使交际获得成功。
关于廉洁作文的基本框架【四】
提纲式笔记是用纲要的形式把书或文章的论点或主要论据，提纲挈领地记录下来，或是按原文的章节、段落层次，把主要内容扼要地写出来。提纲式笔记可分为提纲和提要两种：
1．提纲
提纲笔记要忠于原书或原文的框架体例或段落层次，对原书或全文作轮廓式的勾勒。它可以用原文的语句，也可以将自己的语言与之相结合来写。
2．提要
提要与提纲不同。提纲是逐段写出要点；提要是综合全文写出要点。
关于廉洁作文的基本框架【五】
就是用不同形状或不同颜色的线条、图形在书刊上作出标记。有时还可以配合符号写上简要的几个字使符号的意义更具体明确。
这种笔记一般在初次阅读时使用目的是引起注意。因为在阅读过程感到有些问题须作进一步思考或者要设法记住它便随手标示出来准备回过头来再仔细研究。
必须强调的是书刊要是属于自己的才能在上面打上各种标记。如果书刊是图书馆或朋友的藏书切忌使用这种形式。常见有人在借来的书上面乱写乱画这种举动的用意可能借此炫耀学识但在别人看来这些圈圈点点刻画出一个丑陋的灵魂令人恶心。一个自尊自重的人是不该去做这种蠢事的。
符号笔记的各种符号各代表什么意思由自己掌握。但要注意：各符号使用前要加以设计线条和图形的含义要固定阅读自始至终都要前后一致不能一天一变否则反而把自己弄糊涂了。使用的符号不可过多这样才能保证一打开圈点过的书就能看明白。还要注意圈点和勾划的地方也不宜过多通篇都加了五花八门的记号反而起不到突出重点的作用。
关于廉洁作文的基本框架【六】
就是把原文重要的语句、数据、公式、定理、精彩段落、精辟的论述、佳句、警句或重要的史实、资料等摘录下来甚至全抄原文以便日后查检。关于词句、个别论点、个别事物的摘录则宜用卡片或活页纸的形式以便于分类保存查检；长篇文章的详细抄写宜用笔记本的形式可多备几个笔记本按需要分门类分别抄写。更为省事的就是将这些文字（或图画）剪下来帖在笔记本或不用的杂志上。如果书刊不是自己的则可以先复印后剪贴。
