例2.叶子,是不会飞翔的翅膀;翅膀,是落在天上的叶子。(重庆满分文《翅膀,落在天上的叶子》题记 这个题记采用比喻的方法来揭示“翅膀”和“叶子”的关系。“翅膀”和“叶子”怎么可以划上等于号呢?这个疑问,犹如一个谜团,一下子勾起阅读者的好奇心,只有当你读完全文才知道这是一篇“丑小鸭变成小天鹅”翻版的童话故事,作者用一个落叶代替“丑小鸭”,写他的无悔选择,写他的执著梦想,写他的美好心灵,新颖独到,让人耳目一新。
例12.【主题帖子】幸福是什么?幸福是微笑着的闪着泪光的双眼;是耳边亲切的问候;是孩子们在沙滩上玩耍;是风烛残年的老人携手夕阳;是全家人围成一桌在中秋之夜享受天伦……一千个人对“幸福”就会有一千种诠释,正象一千读者眼中有一千个“哈姆雷特”。(不信请到“幸福”论坛里转一转。(天津满分文《论坛里的“幸福水”》开头此开头从论坛“主题帖子”开始,用设问句引起读者注意,用排比句巧作道理论证,用“一千个人对‘幸福’就会有一千种诠释,正象一千读者眼中有一千个‘哈姆雷特’”概括自己对幸福的观点。新鲜的形式,巧妙的开头,实在是高招!
线索是在文章中起连贯作用的。如果有了好的材料,再加上有使之连贯的线索,那么文章就成为一串美丽的珍珠。在一篇文章里,事物发展的过程或作者所表述的思路,常常成为贯串始终的一条线索。读文章,抓住了线索,就容易掌握段落结构,领会中心思想。写时,抓住了线索,就容易做到围绕中心,组织材料,使文章中心明确,条理井然,显得内容集中,脉络清晰。
例3.又是炎夏了,开始有知了叫了。(北京满分文《动力来自那双眸子》开头这篇文章不落别人窠臼,独辟蹊径,从小处切入,从一双具体可见、可感的“眸子”切入,来写一位数学教师的目光情感的传达,给班上的每一位学生所带来的阳光般的温暖和突飞式的进步。此处开头的自然环境描写,既渲染了特定的气氛,衬托了人物的心情,又推动了故事情节的发展。
例4.早晨8点刚过,一位怒容满面的妈妈就扯着一个个子高高的男孩推开了张教授办公室的门。一进门,妈妈就开始向张教授数落孩子的不是。而那个男孩似乎满不在乎,总是抬着头看天花板,身体还在不停地晃动着。时不时的还回上一句表示反对。(山东莱芜满分文《其实并不是这样》文章开头大肆渲染母亲眼中孩子的“不好”,可到了教授那里,教授反而轻易地就指出了孩子的“优点”,这样的对比,只能说明一点,其实并不是孩子不好,是“母亲”的眼光有问题,教育孩子的思想有问题。
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becauseof
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learn
finally
right
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behelpfulbeofhelp
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benearbearoundthecorner
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becomehappycheerup
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cooperatejoinhandswith
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deepprofound/far-reaching
dependonhingeupon/counton
dependononeselfliveonone’sown
developcultivate/buildup
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diligentindustrious
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dogooddofavor/helpv
dropdecline/ontheebb
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enjoybecrazyabout
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failurefrustration
fameprestige
famousprominent
famouspeoplegalaxy
feelingpassion/sentiments
findlocate
findoutsortout
finishaccomplish
firelayoff
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focusoncenteron
forexampleacaseinpoint
foreverpermanent
futureprospective
getacquire/regain
getridofeliminate
givegrant/issue
give/supplyprovide…with
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goalheart’sdesire
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goodstudentstopstudents
goodsnecessity
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havepossess
havearelationshipwithbeontermswith
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joinmaintain/holdonto
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killoneselfcommitsuicide
knowgrasp/beawareof/knowaboutknowledgecommand
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lookforruninto/huntfor
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例11.云卷云舒,卷舒的是心灵的纯净无暇;雁过雁往,过往的是人性的清姿丽影;花开花落,开落的是灵魂的郁秀芬芳。(山东日照满分文《给我一个懂你的机会》作者文笔优美,此开头选取了自然界中几个画面进行描写,用语典押,句式整齐,朗朗上口,富有韵味。
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