交流是形成良好的人际关系的必由之路,它是心与心的对话,有时它无需繁冗拖沓的语言,只要你肯伸出你的双手,敞开你的心扉,让别人去拥抱你的热情,那么也许只要一个眼神,一个手势就足以让人感到有一颗赤诚的心在他面前跳动。相互交流是人们的良好愿望,但生活中有好多事难隧人愿。
“这个世界很无奈”,许多人蓄意保持距离,却希望别人向自己靠近,许多人预估是否能够收获,再酌量付出;许多人渴望被人理解,却又将交流放在被遗忘的角落;许多人想要被爱却又不肯主动去爱,仿佛爱已经成了不合时代的事……
作为新一代的中学生,更不应该只把自己封闭在一个狭小的天地里,而应该走出课堂,走出校园,走出自我,和同学朋友交流,和父母长辈交流,和大自然交流,和社会交流,甚至和世界交流……。“学会交流,善于交流”不仅应是一个即将走向社会的中学生应该具备的能力和品质,而且是全社会都应探讨并重视的一个课题。
“交流”这个话题,切中了时代的脉搏,在社会发展过程中出现了一系列相对突出的问题,如人类与环境,和平与发展,统一与对话,竞争与合作,诚信与廉洁,节约与浪费……这些问题都一度反映在学生写作中,而“交流”成为我们越来越注意一个主题,它与我们同在,只要生活在世上,时时刻刻都处于交流之中,它是人与人和睦相处的基础,是人与自然、人与社会、自然与自然协调发展的必要条件,也是国与国和平共赢的保障。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
交流是什么,有人问到,他不仅仅是只和父母亲说说话,和同学们聊聊天,它是一种力量,就像雨滴,虽然默默的滴坠,但它能把石头滴穿,就像滴穿人与人之间那一道隐形的隔阂。
高山流水的故事大家都听过吧伯牙擅长弹琴,可是没人能听懂,正在他苦恼之时遇到了钟子期。钟子期有很强的音乐鉴赏能力.伯牙弹琴时,心里想到高山,钟子期听了,赞叹到:“好啊,我仿佛看见了巍峨的泰山!”伯牙心里想到流水,钟子期就说:“好啊,宛如奔腾不息的江河!”不管伯牙心里想什么,钟子期都能准确的道出他的心意.他们两个互相用琴声交流,每一天都十分快乐。钟子期死后,伯牙觉得世上再难找到听得懂他琴声的人了,于是他把心爱的琴摔碎,终身不再弹琴了。
人与人之间需要交流,俞伯牙正是有了钟子期与他交流,互谈心得,才走出了孤独。我也一样,可是随着年龄的增长,我似乎变得“腼腆”起来,不愿和别人交流,父母对我这一变化不太理解,我就更郁闷了,动不动就像父母发火,现在想想,真是不应该啊!
交流如小溪般晶莹闪亮,一点一滴,汇入的是人们心灵的江河。交流如斧头般刚强有力,一起一落,劈开的是人们隐形的隔阂。
人与人之间因有交流而美丽,因有交流才有爱。朋友,交流吧,你会发现,生活因此而精彩!
朋友们,你们尝试过去跟别人交流吗?也许你会这样说:“交流不就是说话嘛,这么简单的问题!”可是,你可知道,交流不仅仅是说几句话呢?
与爸爸妈妈交流的时候,厉害的总是他们,这是为什么呢?因为,你在与父母交谈的时候,他们总是把自己遇到过的、见到过的、听到过的……都搬出来,也许你会感到很烦,但你细心地观察一下:父母的眼神,父母的动作,都传递着一种爱。
与同学交流的时候,大家是不分上下的。这又是为什么呢?因为,大家也是把自己平时的新闻拿出来交流。讲得好,大家听得津津有味;同样也是同一件事,如果讲得不好,那么大家都会感到枯燥。
与老师交流的时候,胜利者便是老师。因为老师能知道一些我们还未学过的知识,所以,老师总是把那几个知识翻来覆去的讲,但每次讲都换一种招式,使我们感到愉快并牢牢记住。
与陌生人交流的时候,最先防护的就是我们。如今的骗子招数日日更新,令我们不得不防备,但当你看到对方的眼神是多么友善,那么你就放下了负担,打开心扉与他人进行友谊交流。
也许,你会发现,只是父母的一些“老掉牙”的故事;只是同学平时的事情;只是老师所讲的知识点;只是陌生人的眼神,为何会使人如此愉快?其实,只要我们细心观察,就会知道,父母是怕我们不认识这个世界;同学的一些小事情讲得好也得靠平时的积累;老师需要我们记的知识点,他就利用各种幽默技巧使我们记牢;陌生人的一个眼神,也是一种希望与你做朋友的表达……
交流,其实并不简单,却又不难。因为我们能把平时积累到的说出来,把别人传递的意思领悟了,那么,你就会发现,交流,其实也是一件很快乐的事。
我敬佩的.人是我的妈妈。她是一位英语老师。她很受学生的欢迎,因为她花了很多时间在功课上,而且很幽默。学生都很喜欢她的课。
My mum is not only a good teacher, but also a great mother. She is patient with me and always smiling while talking. My mum teaches me how to think independently and helps me to build up my confidence. When I have some difficulties in my studies, it is my mum who encourages me to work until I solve the problem. When I’m feeling sad or bad, it is also my mum who looks after me with care.
我的妈妈不仅是一位好老师,也是一位伟大的母亲。她对我很有耐心,说话时总是面带微笑。我妈妈教我如何独立思考,帮助我建立我的信心。当我在学习上有困难的,这是我妈妈鼓励我直到我解决问题。当我感到悲伤或糟糕的,也是妈妈照顾我。
I remember when I caught a fever at midnight last year, my mum took me to the hospital as fast as she could. When we got home after my injection, it was about 5 o’clock in the early morning. My mum only slept 2 hours because she had to wake up at 7 o’clock to prepare breakfast for me, and then she went to work. She must be very tired that day.
我记得当我去年在半夜发高烧,妈妈以最快的速度带我去医院。当我打完针回到家时,已经差不多凌晨五点。妈妈只睡了2个小时,因为她不得不在七点起床为我准备早餐,然后她去工作。她那天一定很累。
My mum is not very beautiful, but I admire her.
我的妈妈是不是很漂亮,但我敬佩她。
交流无处不在,老师与学生之间需要交流,儿女与父母之间需要交流,长辈与长辈之间需要交流……只要你去交流。体会从中的可贵,你就能够做得更好。
老师与学生之间互相交流,师生之间会更加融洽。在交流过程中,给老师提几个意见,谈谈我们做学生的体会,让老师交接我们。这难道不好吗?
儿女与父母之间互相交流,能使儿女与父母的关系更进步,步步高升,从而能使父母了解你,做什么事也会想想孩子的感受,再做打算。因此在孩子心中的父母也会日益增好。这难道不是孩子、不是父母所希望的吗?
当孩子和父母之间产生了矛盾,也可能是父母的错,但也不排除孩子的错。但是,如果孩子与父母之间经常交流,经过沟通,还会发生这样的事吗?不会的,因为你在和父母的交流过程中,流露出了许多自己的感想。父母都谨记在心。在做出某些事情的同时,自然会仔细想想,想想做出这件事的后果和感受一下孩子的感受,这样的儿女与父母之间才能相处得更好。
交流是多么可贵,能够促进友谊,涌现亲情,更能体现出师生之情。交流,让我们多一次交流,多一份情感,让我们的生活更美好,让我们把交流充满人生。
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