Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
春天, 万物复苏,小河水哗哗地顺流而下; 活泼机灵的小鸟们在枝头喳喳地纵情歌唱; 小草们神不知鬼不觉地从地下探出了脑袋,大地换上了绿色的新衣; 小野花们争先恐后地展示着自己的美丽; 一棵棵大树好像正在返老还童, 抽出嫩黄色的新芽;。年迈的`凤凰木也紧跟着春天的步伐, 吐出米粒大小的嫩叶, 就像刚出生的婴儿那般娇嫩。
夏天,太阳像一个火炉似地炙烤着地面。凤凰木的叶子早已变成了深绿色,枝条也向四周扩展了许多,变成了一把绿色的大伞。当太阳透过茂密的树叶筛下一束束金光时, 美丽的凤凰花绽开了一张张笑脸,好像给凤凰木披上了红色的霞衣。
秋天,凤凰树的叶子慢慢地变成了金黄色,在微风吹拂下纷纷飘落下来, 给地面铺上了一层厚厚的金色地毯。课间十分钟,我和小伙伴们在凤凰树下尽情地玩耍、嬉闹,甭提有多高兴了。
冬天,刺骨的寒风从耳边呼呼地刮过,古老的凤凰木褪去了繁华,仿佛一个弯着腰、知识渊博的老学者,正在讲述着她一百多年来的沧桑岁月, 并勉励我们克服各种困难、勤奋学习,成为对国家有贡献的人才。
这就是我们百年老校的百年古树---凤凰木。
总有萦绕在心头的琐事,让我做不到“既然目标是地平线,那留给世界的只能是背影”。生活,不是毫无目的自由散落的蒲公英,而是一株随风摇曳的芦苇,在泥泞中挣扎着向上。
龙应台向往自由,向往民主,却依旧完成了由文人向仕的转变。她曾笑言自己在地雷阵上跳芭蕾舞,被禁锢着,却永不放弃寻找自由的希望。为仕十年,她也曾体味 过“余舟一芥的无边无际无寥”,却从未扔下肩上的重担轻松地走向自由生活的.道路。政坛上总有人对她指手画脚的说到“看不惯它的那个文人调调”,她却一直坚 守着自己“独立的精神”。她的心中自有一片天空,思维在风中放飞,自有在一瞬间升华。可她仍扎根于生活的土壤,一心只为台湾的文化政治奠基。或许,一场 “说走就走的旅行”对她来说轻而易举,或许,走出政坛走向文学世界天马行空更为自有。但她只是咬着牙头也不回的崽这条注定充满艰辛的道路上披荆斩棘,在泥泞中涤荡清辉。
柴静曾说“不要因为我们走得太远,就忘了我们为什么出发”。生活便是这样,不能在羁绊的路途中忘记生活的本来目的,换取心灵的洗涤。
“蜀道难,台湾女子上凉山”。张宜平,放弃年薪百万的生活,毅然来到麻风村抱起孤弱的孩子。是怎样一种信念指引着她不断前行?大山之外的生活的确灯红酒 绿,却少了一份心灵的静谧。是爱,牵绊住她向往自由的心:是爱,让她留下马不停蹄的脚步。她看起来无比坚强,可她内心的柔软,恰似雪莲花初绽时不胜凉风的 娇羞,轻轻掠过每一个孩子的心头。自由,是筝线那头的轻鸢,而张平宜,轻轻握住筝线这头,微笑的扎根于凉山的土壤。
生活,好似壶中青茗,在沸水中上下翻腾。即使不能逃脱杯盏的禁锢,仍能升华出自身的那缕清香。
Dear my father and mother,
This letter is my inner feelings. I want to thank both of you for so many years’ care and help.
During my growth, you have made a lot of efforts and love for me. When I make a success, both of you are more excited than me, and support me to do better. Even though I have failed, you always share sorrow with me and encourage me not to give up. Especially, during my preparation for CET-4, the support from you is always everywhere. I have passed the exam successfully.
You love is so unselfish that I am deeply affected, so I will study hard to be a useful person and won’t make you disappointed. Anyway, I would like to express the deep gratitude to you.
With best wishes.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
我边写稿子,边欣赏电影《金刚》,眼看它就要死去,不停的呐喊、呼唤着它的名字,可就是无法挽回这命运对它开的这一次玩笑,玩笑好开,但结局难收;我好久都没这么伤心过,但今天并不只为 了伤感,只为这无法让人解读的长篇大论,让我明白生命是多么的可贵与无奈,天大的谜底是永远都会残留在心底,那是谁也改变不了的事实,因为它是我们生活中的“鬼”,只为灵魂而叹息,为那夕阳的灿烂而微笑,可能是可笑的,也可能是强大的。 父亲就很相信命运的存在,但那是我们对生命的一种理解罢了,因为我们都是在为自己打着准备,不得不去操守一些言行上的'准则,所以才会有困难重重的感觉,就像我对我这一生的理解,它是自然的一种火焰,无时不刻在燃烧着你的身体,在侵蚀我们的血肉与思想,因此,对思想的升华,我是具有一定的,眼前所知道的只不过是能够抵达命运深渊之处的思想通道,蓦然间会突然冒出对情感二字的想法,对于它我仍然是没有办法能收敛自我的独特的办法。
老谋深算的人们认为他们是最聪智的,但他们却从来也没有想到过真正的“活”的含义,我也是不以为然,因为面对它实在太庞大了,他那强大的雄厚的实力是常人所看不到的,有时只在梦里见过某些恐怖的身影,那是完全不能触摸的幽灵,来聆取人世中的精华,我们对自己的思想的看法太狭窄,甚至根本就不懂得怎样去对付它,根源在于自己,因为有了生命才有了人的思维变化,如果操之过急反而事倍功半,那是谁也想象不到的结局,像童话一样的激烈斗争与厮***,残忍的手段与内心活动,对着我们拿起生命做筹码,这也正是我们所不希望的。
一瓶酒可以对我们的思想进行麻醉式的催眠,喝醉了就等于是与命运做了一场圆满的梦,那儿很甜,且又很酸;可以充分的想象到,所有的一切都是一个人给予的,那人是它,乃是人类内心眼神的余光,我们有时可以通过这道余光看到思想升华的整个过程,它是真实的,也是客观存在的。
思想的升华,是我们人类进一步成功的步伐,能认识到自己的一点点不足和承受一定的挫折,并且,若干年后,我们会自省的。
Dear Mary,
You said in your letter that many of your classmates wore fashionableclothes, but you couldn't afford them so you felt very depressed. There are dif-ferent views on people's clothes. The followings are my ideas:
Firstly, you shouldn't put too much emphasis on physical appearance.
Remember that the most important task for you today is to concentrate on yourstudies. No matter what you wear, you will really look your best when youcome out first in your examinations.
Secondly, you should understand that it is a fine virtue to live in fru-gality. Just as a famous saying goes, Frugality is the mother of virtue.
Since your family can't provide you with enough money to buy fashionableclothes, it is all the more necessary for you to try to lighten the financialburden of your family. And you will find the virtue of frugality benefit youa lot in your future life.
I hope you understand what I mean. Hope you will take a positive attitudetowards life and will be happy again when you read my letter.
Yours,
Anne
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
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