好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
75《寻隐者不遇(唐(贾岛松下问童子,言师采药去。只在此山中,云深不知处。
76《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》(唐(李白故人西辞黄鹤楼,烟花三月下扬州。孤帆远影碧空尽,唯见长江天际流。
77《题李凝幽居》(唐(贾岛闲居少邻并,草径入荒园。鸟宿池边树,僧敲月下门。过桥分野色,移石动云根。暂去还来此,幽期不负言。
78《清平乐村居》(宋(辛弃疾
茅檐低小,溪上青青草。醉里吴音相媚好,白发谁家翁媪。
大儿锄豆溪东,中儿正织鸡笼。最喜小儿无赖,溪头卧剥莲蓬。
79《所见》(清(袁枚牧童骑黄牛,歌声振林樾。意欲捕鸣蝉,忽然闭口立。
80《题秋江独钓图》(清(王士禛一蓑一笠一扁舟,一丈丝纶一寸钩。一曲高歌一樽酒,一人独钓一江秋。
81《乌衣巷》(唐(刘禹锡朱雀桥边野草花,乌衣巷口夕阳斜。旧时王谢堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家。82《芙蓉楼送辛渐》(唐(王昌龄寒雨连江夜入吴,平明送客楚山孤。洛阳亲友如相问,一片冰心在玉壶。
83《题临安邸》(宋(林升山外青山楼外楼,西湖歌舞几时休?暖风熏得游人醉,直把杭州作汴州。84《浣溪沙·漠漠清寒上小楼》(宋(秦观
漠漠轻寒上小楼,晓阴无赖似穷秋。淡烟流水画屏幽。
自在飞花轻似梦,无边丝雨细如愁,宝帘闲挂小银钩。
一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
吃过晚饭后,我和爸爸散步,我看见路灯下有一个黑乎乎的东西在动,我就跑过去一看,原来是一只可爱的小麻雀,我小心地把它捧起来,好可怜的小麻雀呀,这么小就离开的母亲。
这只小麻雀长着灰色的羽毛,眼睛小小的,小嘴巴是黄色的,嘴巴上还长着两个小鼻孔子,它的尾巴像一个小扇子,我真的好喜欢这只小麻雀。
我要好好地喂养它,让它快快地长大,去找它的母亲。
昨天下午,我正在屋里写作业,忽然听到爸爸喊:“杨柳,快来看,这儿有一只小燕子。”我赶紧跑出去。
原来是一只羽毛还没长丰满的小燕子,不知是淘气,还是被同伴挤的,从鸟巢里掉下来了,它浑身哆嗦,可能是吓得。我本来想把它送回窝里的,可是鸟窝太高,我家的梯子又被爸爸带去工地了,只能眼巴巴地看着它。这时燕妈妈也发现了它,在我的周围盘旋飞翔,时不时地向我冲来,妈妈一看就叫道:“杨柳,你快过来,小心燕妈妈啄你。”我说:“我不伤害它,燕妈妈怎么会啄我?我只是想看看燕妈妈怎么救它。”妈妈说:“你在这儿,燕妈妈没安全感,没法施救。”这一次,燕妈妈飞得离我更近了,差点就碰到我的头了,我吓得赶紧跟妈妈回屋了。过了一会儿,我和妈妈要上街,临走时我又看了看它,还是可怜兮兮的卧在那里,燕妈妈却不见了踪影。我好奇地问妈妈:“我都走了它咋还不救孩子?”妈妈说:“燕妈妈没法救它,只能不停地喂它,等它自己会飞了,就得救了。它只能保佑别人不伤害它的孩子。”
我和妈妈回来时,我一进门就发现小燕子没了,我四处找也没找到,我还暗自庆幸燕妈妈终于把它救走了。谁知,今天早上叔叔把车开走后,我在木堆旁发现了那只可怜的小燕子,它已经死去了。我伤心地泪流满面,一个劲儿地埋怨妈妈,“你骗我,燕妈妈没救小燕子。”妈妈说,“好了,好了,我们虽然没救它,可也没伤害它,说不定它受的是内伤,即便我们把它放到窝里,它也会死去的。”我这才止住眼泪,在菜地里挖了一个小坑把它埋了。
小燕子的生命就这样结束了,它太可怜了。以后我一定要好好保护它。
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