六,突转法。就是在叙述事件的结尾对文章前面的铺垫来个出乎意料的突然转折,掀起叙述的波澜。例如《有关拖鞋问题的问题》,写小王科长通过改革(分鞋到个人)解决了县机关澡堂老丢拖鞋的问题,没想到却有人向市委书记告他的状——利用职权乱发实物。结尾的突转,转喜为忧,使文章波澜起伏。
词句理解题主要讲究的是理解题意,通过短文的词、短语或句子的理解来充分理解题意,,碰到不熟悉的词语要避过,先略读再通读,仔细推敲,尤其是对语境的理解要准确。
数字法是运用数据来表明事物的本质和特点,准确合理的数据使文章精确可信。
【例】
(1Nearly half of all Americans over age 20 wear a bridge or denture,and more than 20 percent have complete upper and lower denture. By age 50, one out of every two persons has gum disease.
(2And it seems sensible to wait. One quarter of all marriages between people under twenty-one end in divorce. In Britain in 1972, there were 124,248 divorces.
说明文的说明方法除上面介绍的常见的几种以外,还有诸如分项法、列举法、比喻法及引用法等,只有综合运用多种说明方法,才能多角度、多层次地全面、清晰、准确地展示客观事物的本来面貌。
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