(一论点
古人云:“文以意为先,意犹帅也;无帅之兵,谓之乌合。”无论写什么文章都必须立论。立论就是针对客观事物或问题,直接提出自己的见解和主张,阐明其理由,表明自己的态度。
举例:1、如针对和英国首相撒切尔夫人商谈香港回归问题,有人提出香港可以暂时不驻军,***则掷地有声说:主权问题不是一个可以商量的问题!
2、“五四青年节”,各地都在举行庆祝活动,各级党委、政府部门主要领导悉数参加会议,足见领导对青年的重视。有媒体用这样观点做题目:关注青年就是关注祖国的未来。
(二论据
论据,是支撑论点的材料,是作者用来证明论点的理由和根据。通俗说,就是文章中“摆事实、讲道理”,所以,论据主要有事实论据和理论论据。事实论据包括代表性事例(名人故事等,确凿的数据,可靠的史实等;理论论据主要是指文中使用的警句、谚语格言以及作者的说理分析等。
论据使用注意事项:
1、论据必须为论点服务,即观点和材料要统一,能证明论点。
2、论据要典型,不能用诸如“我同学就是一个这样的人”,同时论据更要丰富(多积累、勤积累才能做到
3、论据要新颖。新颖方能吸引人。选择新鲜的别人尚未用过的论据是金子,别人已用的论据你能变换角度用是银子,别人经常用的而你又照搬照用的是石子。记住:写作文时,如果你能一下子想到的事例,别人也会一下子想到,所以就注定你的论据不够新颖了。
4、论据丰富时,事例排列的顺序应当这样:古今中外。
(三论证
论证是运用论据来证明论点的过程和方法,是论点和论据之间的逻辑关系纽带。论点是解决“需要证明什么”,论据是解决“用什么来证明”,论证是解决“怎样证明”。
中学阶段常用的论证方法有:引用(引言论证、事例(名人、时代人物论证、正反对比论证、类比论证、因果论证以及比喻论证。
阅读下面的材料,根据要求写作。
古人常以比喻说明对理想的追求,涉及基础、方法、路径、目标及其关系等。如汉代扬雄就曾以射箭为喻,他说:“修身以为弓,矫思以为矢,立义以为的,奠而后发,发必中矣。”大意是,只要不断加强修养,端正思想,并将“义”作为确定的目标,再付诸行动,就能实现理想。
上述材料能给追求理想的当代青年以启示,请结合你对自身发展的思考写一篇文章。
要求:选准角度,确定立意,明确文体,自拟标题;不要套作,不得抄袭;不得泄露个人信息;不少于800字。
It ______ ______ ______ the train will be late.
答案:is likely that
2. It is likely that the typhoon will sweep across the island.
The typhoon ______ ______ ______ ______ across the island.
答案:is likely to sweep
3. I think trying to stop the couple quarrelling will be of no use.
I think it's ______ ______ ______ to stop the couple quarrelling.
答案:no use trying
4. Every time I was in trouble, he had no hesitation in helping me.
Every time I was in trouble, he came to help me ______ ______.
答案:without hesitation
5. He never hesitates to help if I have any problem.
He always helps me ______ ______ if I have any problem.
答案:without hesitation
6. I crossed the street so as not to meet him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
I crossed the street to ______ ______ him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
答案:avoid seeing
7. It seems that the students in that class have all passed the qualified exam.
All of the students in that class ______ ______ ______ ______ the qualified exam.
答案:seem to have passed
8. It seems that the boys of the class are playing football on the playground.
The boys of the class ______ ______ ______ ______ football on the playground.
答案:seem to be playing
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