一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
有一次,它在河边打扮着自己美丽的羽毛,一只蝴蝶从孔雀旁边经过说:“孔雀姐姐,你的羽毛”。孔雀一时没听到,以为蝴蝶是跟它比美,就说:“蝴蝶妹妹,你以为你的翅膀就好看一点就跟我比美,我告诉你,我才是这个森林里最美得动物,我有着五彩缤纷的羽毛你有吗?哈哈哈哈!”蝴蝶听了,心里非常恼火,就说:“孔雀姐姐,你太过分了,我相信,总有一天,森林里一定会有比你更漂亮的动物的。”蝴蝶说完,就气着飞走了。孔雀甩着头说:“你有什么资格来教训我,我就不信森林里还有比我更美的动物。
后来,森林国王马上就要过生日了,可是没有谁跳舞跳的最好,国王决定来一场竞赛,选出一名跳舞跳得最好的动物。消息马上就传出了整个森林,动物们听见了高兴的不得了,每天在家里练习跳舞。孔雀骄傲的说:“我一定是这森林中跳舞的最好的动物。”它的话被许多动物听见了说:“孔雀,你实在是太骄傲了,在比赛场上我和你一分高下。”孔雀说:“好啊!”
动物们拭目以待的比赛终于开始了,在比赛场上,有许多动物很不服的`败给了孔雀,有的由于体型太大跳不动......
经过了三天的对比,总决赛终于开始了,国王也来看这次的总决赛,是天鹅和孔雀,孔雀看到了天鹅那洁白柔滑的羽毛说:“天鹅妹妹,你还是别跟我比了,你看你羽毛的颜色只有一片白,你看看我,五彩缤纷多么好看。”天鹅听孔雀的话说:“你别总是用自己的优点来嘲笑别人的缺点。”国王听见,站起来说:“我宣布,这次比赛的优胜者是天鹅。”孔雀听了,很不服的说:“比都没比,为什么说他赢。”国王说:“因为你太骄傲了,所以我说天鹅赢。”国王说完,动物们用热烈的掌声送给国王。
从此以后,孔雀再也不敢骄傲了。
好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
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