Many people lose their lives when they meet the accident in the water, so it is important to learn swimming.
I have made up my mind and must finish this task.
暑假来了,我决定学习游泳,因为天气太热了,我可以让自己感到清凉点,更重要的.是,我想掌握一门技能和保护自己。
许多人失去生命,当他们遇到发生在水里的事故,所以学习游泳是很重要的。
我已经下定决心,必须完成这一任务。
these young people are wrong. in my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. after all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? though not all boys remain single, yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
for what i said above, we can find some eamples of our fellow-students studying abroad. all young men do housework as girls do. someone would argue that we can employ servants. this is true. however, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? we just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. and what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ? we must work for ourselves. why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late? everyone should learn to do housework. what do you think about my idea, boys and girls?
它克服了教材普遍通篇大论原理性很强读起来令人乏味的缺点,以通俗易懂的例此文来源于文秘写作网、妙趣横生的语言向我们传达能包罗万象的六条基本的心理学原理:互惠、投入和一致、社会认可、喜好、权威、匮乏。其中令我印象最深刻的是互惠原理。互惠原理认为,我们应该尽量以相同的方式回报他人为我们所做的一切。由于互惠原理的影响力,我们感到自己有义务在将来回报我们收到的恩惠、礼物、邀请等等。因为这一类东西的接受往往与偿还的义务紧紧联系在一起。互惠原理以及与之行影相随的负债感给人印象最深刻的一点就是,它们在人类文明中几乎无处不在。不仅如此,这条原理在每一个社会组织中都运用得非常普遍,以致于几乎每一种形式的交换都渗透了它的影响。一个广为接受而又坚不可摧的面向未来的价值趋向在人类社会的进步中所起的作用是不可低估的,因为这意味着人们在与别人分享某些东西的时候,可以确信这一切都不会被遗忘。人类在进化的过程中终于达到了这样一种文明程度:当一个人将财物等资源分给他人时,其实并没有真正地将这些东西失去。这种现象的结果就是,那些以一方向另一方提供资源为开端的交易边的容易起来,错综复杂而又井然游有序的援助、送礼、防御和贸易体系也成为可能,给社会带来了极大的利益。既然互惠原理对人类文明的积极意义是这么显著,它在我们社会化的过程中变成一种深深植根与我们心目中的价值观也就不是什么奇怪的事情了。
互惠原理常常会把偿还的义务强加到我们头上,但我们从互惠原理中得利的时候还是占多数的。正因为如此,笃信并且服从这个原理也就成了我们生活中的一项十分重要的行为规范。我们每一个人都知道遵守这个原理合乎社会给我们定立的.行为规范,而违背了它却会遭到无情的唾弃和嘲弄,甚至会被戴上像乞讨赖帐、忘恩负义之类的帽此文来源于文秘写作网。因为对那些只知索取不知偿还的人有一种普遍的厌恶感,我们往往都会极力避免与他们为伍。虽然在特殊情况下,比如说由于条件或能力不允许而不能回报人家的恩惠,也不是完全不可能得到大家的谅解,但一般说来,整个社会对不遵守互惠原理的人的确有一种发自内心的厌恶。为了避免被贴上像乞讨赖帐、忘恩负义这一类的标签,即使是不公平的交换我们有时候也是愿意接受的。因此,一方面是发自内心的强烈不安,一方面是来自外部的巨大羞辱,两者结合在一起,便造成了一付十分沉重的心理负担。了解了这一点,对于人们在互惠的名义下会心甘情愿地付出比自己得到的多得多的东西就不会感到太难以理解了。而且,即使人们的确有某种需要,如果感到自己难以回报,往往也会尽量避免向他人寻求帮助。这并不奇怪,以为尽管物质上的损失是人们不想看到的,但与心理上的重负一比也就不算什么了。而恰恰是这种状态给一些想要利用互惠原理获利的人提供了机会。
互惠原理之所以可以成为如此有效的说服他人的工具,一个重要的原因就在于它所蕴藏的极大力量。在它的影响下,人们很轻易地就会答应一个在没有负债心理时一定会拒绝的请求。即使是一些平时颇具影响力的因素,与它一比也会相形见绌。
一个老师想测验一下学生们对过去时、现在时和将来时的掌握程度。有一个问题是‘我给予’的将来时是什么?结果有一个学生信心十足地答道,‘我索取’。虽然他可能犯了一个语法错误,但他对一条更博大的社会原理却掌握得完全正确。
著名法国人类学家马塞尔.毛斯在描述人类文明中的送礼过程以及与此有关的社会压力时说古这样的话:给予是一种义务,接受是一种义务,偿还也是一种义务。尽管回报的责任感是互惠原理的核心所在,但互惠原理之所以那么容易被人利用,却还是由于上面提到的接受的义务。我们接受恩惠的义务感削弱了自己的选择能力,把决定我们会对谁负债的控制权交到了他人的手中。
相互退让是利用互惠原理来使他人答应自己的请求的另一种方式。与给人一点好处然后要求他们回报的直截了当的方式相比,这种方式比较微妙,但有时候却更加致命和有效。妥协也可以是一个互惠的过程,因此人们可以先主动做出一个让步,以迫使对方也做出让步,从而达到自己的目的。这个简单的技巧可以称为“拒绝—退让”策略。
这个原理也使我想起一个日本富翁的发家致富经历:他是一个从事批发麻绳的商人,刚开始他把从厂家拿的货物原价卖给顾客,因为他的绳此文来源于文秘写作网如此便宜,人们都乐意到他那购买,成了他的忠实客户;在他生意不断壮大后,他一方面向厂家诉说自己辛苦却没酬劳要求降低出厂价,另一方面向顾客诉说自己一直原价卖东西没赚干不下去了,结果,厂商不愿失去重要客户而把每条绳此文来源于文秘写作网降低了一毛钱卖给他,顾客想以后继续有便宜的货源也每条绳此文来源于文秘写作网给多了一毛钱向他购买,就这样有了两毛钱的中间差,且每年他的绳此文来源于文秘写作网销量都是成百上千万的,很快他就成了富翁。这就是先自己吃亏让别人受惠再自己受益的典型。随着我们加入WTO,与外国厂商的合作会越来越多,共赢是主题,也是取得发展的核心问题,与互惠原理有异曲同工之妙。如果一个人只想着自己的利益,那么他也许确实可以得到短期的利益,但他会从此失去合作伙伴,没有社会分工、什么事都要自己去干,纵使有三头六臂也忙不过来的。惟有互惠联合在一块才有更强的竞争力。
时下扩招后的毕业生竞争激烈,好工作难找,大多数人都想找个既轻松又高工资的职位,这种眼光比较短浅,找工作不能只看薪水,更要看公司的发展前景。也许现在公司很小,但成长速度很快,那么即使目前没钱赚要给它免费打工也是值得的,撑过了艰苦的起步阶段接下来就是享受回报的喜悦了,与人共苦才能同甘,也许付出了不一定有回报,但不付出就一定没回报;而目前工资甚高的公司也许是处于夕阳行业,以后的日此文来源于文秘写作网是江河日下。具体的选择就要看各人的价值观取向了。
心理学是博大精深的,同时它不是工具性的东西,见效的时间没那么快,需要人慢慢地揣摩领会,在运用中得到深切,一旦熟能生巧时你就可信手拈来运用自由,那时的感觉是很美妙的。这是一本很值得一读的书,看多几遍把它融会贯通你就可感受其中真义的神奇。
nowadays, we can see some boys and girls who live in a small world of their own. they bury themselves among books and are proud of themselves. they think that it will make them lose their face if they do housework for they often think themselves very noble.
these young people are wrong. in my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. after all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? though not all boys remain single,yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
for what i said above, we can find some eamples of our fellow-students studying abroad. all young men do housework as girls do. someone would argue that we can employ servants. this is true.however, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? we just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. and what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ? we must work for ourselves. why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late? everyone should learn to do housework. what do you think about my idea, boys and girls?
当新学期来临时,许多学生对新生活表现得很兴奋。在大学,新生快乐地享受着自由。在接下来的四年里,他们希望过着高中描绘的'美好生活。但事实是,大学生活中有很多东西要学。
First, the major knowledge occupies the most important role. As a student, learning knowledge is their job, while many students focus on playing cellphone in the class, or just sleep. They lose interest in studying when they come to the free environment. Mastering the professional skill helps them to be competitive. The sad thing is that most of them can't realize it.
首先,专业知识占据着最重要的角色。作为一名学生,学习知识是他们的工作,而很多学生在课堂上玩手机,或者睡觉。当他们来到自由的环境后对学习失去了兴趣。掌握专业技能帮助他们提高竞争力,可悲的是,大多数人没有意识到这一点。
Second, as there is much free time, they can make use of it and gain the valuable experience. Students can join some clubs to develop more interest, or find part-time jobs. It is better than to stay in the dorm and play computer games all the time.
第二,由于空闲时间多,他们可以充分利用好这些时间,并从中获得宝贵的经验。学生可以参加一些活动来发展更多的兴趣爱好,或找份兼职工作。比呆在宿舍玩电脑游戏好多了。
A lot of students feel lost in the campus, because they don't plan campus life well. The things you learn will make you different in the future.
很多学生因为没有计划好校园生活在所以迷失了。所学到的东西会让你在未来有所作为。
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