“老爷爷,真的有一条大鲸鱼呢!”小女孩气喘吁吁地跑去告诉老爷爷。
“在哪儿呢?”老爷爷好奇地问。
“在天上!”小女孩指指候鸟,兴奋地说,“鸟儿可以带你去看鲸鱼!”
候鸟带着老爷爷飞向蓝天。他们越飞越高,耳边是呼呼的.风声,地上的房屋、树木和人群变得越来越小,湖面的轮廓也越发清晰起来。老爷爷惊讶地说:“原来,这面湖就是一条巨大的鲸鱼,真是不识庐山真面目,只缘身在此山中啊!”候鸟开心地说,“我没有说谎吧,大家在鲸鱼的肚子里,怎么能找到鲸鱼呢?”
老爷爷回到村里后,把看见鲸鱼的情景奔走相告。消息一传十、十传百,很快全村人都知道了。大家找来了一架小型飞机,争先恐后地抢着去看鲸鱼。波光粼粼的湖水在阳光的照耀下闪闪发光,整面湖像一只美丽动人的鲸鱼静静地躺在那里,庇护着整个村庄的安宁祥和。从此,这面湖就有了一个美丽的名字——鲸鱼湖。
大家好!新年快乐!我是只鲸。你知道我吗?要知道,我可是世界上最大的动物!如果有什么动物比我还大的话,那我敢肯定,那是外星动物!我的体重也很重耶!你知道是多少吗?说出来你别晕!十三万公斤!你信吗?不过我就是这么重,谁让我身体这么庞大。对了,我有一位爷爷,他可是鲸鱼家族里的元老了,体重有16万公斤!他的体重是目前世界上最重的。我还有一个妹妹,他才三岁,但体重也有三千多公斤。
我的名字叫鲸鱼,其实我更本不是鱼类,我是哺乳动物。只因为我生活在海洋里,体形像鱼。其实,在很久很久以前,我的祖先们都生活在大陆上。过了一段日子,海洋向我们祖先生活的大陆侵袭过来,陆地有一部分被海洋淹没了,我的祖先们只好生活在靠近陆地的浅海里;在不知不觉中,他们的前肢和尾巴都变成鳍了,真是可怜,他们的后肢就那样消失了,整个身子变成鱼的样子。后来他们只好到海洋里生活,没想到,他们还真的适应了海里的生活!
我们鲸分为两类,一类是须鲸,还有一类是齿鲸。我呢?嘿嘿!就是齿鲸。我非常能吃的。我最喜欢吃大鱼和海兽了。我看见有大鱼游过来,趁他们不注意,扑上去,猛咬一口,嘿嘿!他们就玩完了!休想从我嘴中逃脱!瞧!那边有一个大鲨鱼过来了,哈哈,我饿急了。鲨鱼游过来了,我马上扑过去,一口咬着,鲨鱼一声惨叫,还在挣扎,嘿嘿!他哪里逃得掉。我锋利的牙齿一下子就把它给“咔嚓咔嚓”了。嘿嘿嘿嘿!对了,我还有一个表哥,它叫做虎鲸,号称“海中之虎”,他比我猛多了,经常吃须鲸,有一次他和伙伴们聚在一起,围住了须鲸,分别向它扑上去,大口咬着,三十多吨重的须鲸他们几个小时就“咔嚓咔嚓”了。厉害吧!还有一类是须鲸,他们没有牙齿,他们吃的时候就把嘴巴长大大的,向前游着,把小鱼小虾连同海水吞进肚子里,然后再把海水从须板里过滤出来,把小鱼小虾吞进肚子里,不过这样吃不够过瘾,要吃好几千公斤才能吃饱。
由于我是哺乳动物,所以我要用肺呼吸。你知道我的鼻孔在哪吗?说出来你别下一大跳,它长在我的脑袋上。所以我呼吸的时候要浮出海面,从我的鼻孔里面喷出“喷泉”好壮观哦!不过我的“喷泉”没有须鲸的“喷泉”好看。我的“喷泉”又粗又矮,倾斜的,而须鲸的“喷泉”总是垂直的,又高又细。
不过现在有好多人都在大肆地捕***我们,把我们的肉卖掉,把皮剥下来,把脂肪做油和肥皂。导致我们鲸家族大部分都灭亡了。
因此,我今天在这里郑重宣告一声:人类,请不要再捕***我们了!如果你们再执迷不悟。我们商量好了,过几年后再次跑到大陆上,把你们人类也给“咔嚓咔嚓”了!我希望我们友好相处!
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
在一个寂静的夜晚,海底鲸鱼家族正在召开一个重要的会议,选举鲸的首领,带领家族生息繁衍,壮大家族队伍。鲸鱼们跃跃欲试,都想在会上显示一下自己的威风。
首先登场的是号称“海中之虎”的虎鲸,他双手叉着腰,夸夸其谈地道:我——虎鲸,无人不知,无人不晓,踪迹遍布世界每个海洋,从太平洋到印度洋,从大西洋到北冰洋,哪里没有我的同胞。我虽然身体只有3—4米,海洋里的大鱼大兽我都能吃。我们残酷无比,我们可以把一只比我们大几倍的蓝鲸吃的骨头都不剩。怎么样,我们可以算海中的霸王吧。
“你虎鲸算什么,我们独角鲸才是最厉害的,你有我们这么长的牙齿吗?我们的尖牙如同一把尖刀一样,要是碰上你们,用我们2米多长的牙把你的心脏刺透,然后把你吃了,让你尸骨无存,我们才是最厉害的呢!”独角鲸说道。
就在大家用唾星四溅的唇舌夸着自己的威力与神奇时,一声枪响,大家都沉寂下来,知道偷猎人来了,这个会议只好中途散会了。
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