教师上课照本宣科,缺乏激情,当然无法引起学生的兴趣。虽然关于外国文学的发展历程、不同文学流派之间的风格、作家作品简介、作品创作背景、作品人物性格和艺术成就等还是要讲授,但不能面面俱到,可以采用概述串讲的方式,将经典名著和一些精彩段落的诵读和鉴赏应作为授课重点,可以采用课堂朗诵的方法,唤起学生美好情感,使他们在诵读中感悟人物、了解人物,外国文学的魅力。例如,在讲授莎士比亚的著名悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》时,笔者在简要介绍作品背景之后,声情并茂地讲述了罗密欧与朱丽叶的爱情故事,深深地感染了学生,使他们产生强烈共鸣。继而请学生带着情感朗读罗密欧与朱丽叶“花园相会”“相思殉情”等精彩片段,读到动情处,个别学生流下了泪水。接着趁热打铁,让学生进行诸如语言、情感等方面的鉴赏,收到了意想不到的效果。塞万提斯《堂吉诃德》里主人公奇妙无比的冒险故事,以及歌德《浮士德》里的.五个场景等都采用这种片段朗读加鉴赏的方法,学生收获很大。
Dear Mike,
How is everyting going ?
I'd like to show you two photos of our family. They were took in this spring. When our families went out to enjoy ourselves.
In spring, the weather is nice. Do you think so?
Look!The first one ,we went out on a picnic on the beach.My mother and father were taking care of my younger sister.I was watching the beautiful scene at the sea and drinking.The second one ,when we finished,it was rain heavily ,we came back in a hurry.we were going home with a piece of cloth in this picture.
We had a good time !I'd like you enjoy them !
Yours,
Liming
现代社会是信息化社会,媒介转换非常快,网络、视频、影像无处不在,其阅读快感比单纯的印刷文字更能吸引人们阅读的***。有的高校领导认为课堂是用来教学的,如果用来看视频的话会影响正常的教学活动,是教师懒教的一种体现。这种观点要一分为二去看待。对于一些不适合影视欣赏的课自然不要放映和课堂无关的视频,而对于一些和课程有密切关联的影视作品还是可以在课堂上播放的,如外国文学、中国现当代文学等,只要不是经常性播放就行。因此,外国文学课堂教学也要顺应这一时代潮流,在讲授的同时,让学生欣赏视频影像,通过视频影像来理解作品,解读作品。视频影像欣赏可以采用观全片与剪辑片断相结合的方式,即忠实于原著的的影片可以全片播放,而对原著进行过改编或只是为了教学的一时需要,可以采用片段播放的方式。观看后,可以让学生结合原著进行比较性阅读,加深对原著的理解。例如笔者在讲完《荷马史诗》后,让学生欣赏了电影《特洛伊木马屠城记》。影片所展现出来的波澜壮阔的特洛伊战争场景,阿基流斯、赫克托尔等个性鲜明的英雄人物形象,他们对功业的追求,对国家的忠诚,深深打动和感染了学生。之后再让学生对照原著阅读,他们对原著的理解就水到渠成了。在教学实践中,笔者发现,这种影视欣赏法学生非常喜欢,对学生的学习效果也非常有效,值得进一步探索完善。
我刚刚度过了一个愉快的春节,现在就给你介绍一下春节的来历吧。
传说很久以前,有个叫“年”的怪兽,它躲在海里最深最暗的地方,每年除夕会上来吃人和动物。村民们想了各种办法,但都摆脱不了“年”。有一天来了一位神仙,他知道“年”的弱点,就挨家挨户贴春联、放鞭炮、点蜡烛。“年”来了,发现家家户户灯火通明,院子里还有鞭炮的响声,吓得转身逃回海底,不敢出来了。村民们高兴极了!从此,每到“年”兽出来的.时候,村民们就穿红衣、贴春联、点蜡烛、放鞭炮,再也不害怕“年”兽了,这就是年的来历。
现在,我们过春节的时候,家家户户都要贴春联,吃年夜饭,放鞭炮,贴福字。对于贴福字还有一个传说。从前,有一个皇帝的管家不小心把福字贴倒了,皇帝非常生气!可是人人见了都说“福到啦!”皇帝就不再生气了。从此,每到春节,就把福字倒着贴,寓意着福气到了!
有一首唐朝诗人李白写的关于春节的诗——《元日》:“爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏。千门万户曈曈日,总把新桃换旧符。”
现在,对我们的春节更了解了吧。希望你下次能到中国来过春节!下次再见,拜拜!
你的好朋友 顾晨洋
201X年3月2日
Dear Live Oak classmates,
How are you all? How time flies! It has been 8 months since I came back to China. Every time I look up at the photograph of our grade that was taken by Brittany’s mother and bears the signature of every one of you (this picture is now hanging up on the wall above our dining table, I cannot help thinking of you and the happy time we spent together. I do miss you often.
I am doing fine here in China and I like my present school life as much as I liked Live Oak. My classmates and teachers are very good to me, too. I have already caught up with my classmates in all the school lessons. Thanks to the Live Oak school education, I am now far ahead of my classmates in English, and I’m still doing a lot of English reading to keep up my English.
In the beginning of this semester, I was chosen to attend the School Robotics Team to practice for the robotics competition on behalf of my school. It’s a really big privilege, and I like it very much, because in my school there are one thousand and four hundred students and there are only four chosen. In the robotics practice, I learn to cooperate with my teammates and I need the big financial support from the school, because one single robot costs 50 thousand yuan. So it’s not a project that one person could do. We need to have team spirit as what we did in our Live Oak football game. On August 8, our school attended the national robot competition held in Xining, Qinghai, witch is neighboring Tibet. After two days’ competition, our team got a silver medal. During one of the days when we had no game, we went to the famous Qinghai Lake. It was so beautiful. It looked like an ocean because it was so large. Its water had many colors, blue, green, and purple, due to the ultraviolet rays.
I don’t go to church on Sundays in China, but I read the Bible with my mom every night. If we have time, we sing hymns too. God listens to my prayers. We have just bought a car. When our car was just two days old, my dad had parked the car just one centimeter away from the car next to ours. We were so worried that our new car would be scratched if the other car moved. In the evening, I prayed to God asking God to save our car. The next morning, we found our car in the parking lot safe and sound. And we were so thankful to God.
Although I have so much fun in China, I still miss the time I had in the U.S. Mrs. Moffat, thank you for letting me study in Live Oak, so that I have such a wonderful experience in my life. Mrs. Moore, I can still remember the big hug that you gave me the first time I visited Live Oak. How is Andrew doing? Has he passed all his surgeries? Some days ago, I have visited “Andrew’s Update” but I haven’t seen any updates. I hope that he is feeling better. Mrs. Brummeler, thank you for your patient help with my English in the first month when the new school life was tough for me and I could only understand a little bit of what was going on in class. Knox, thank you for being my first friend to offer help to me in class and letting me copy everything from your notes, including some small errors sometimes J. Hudson, how are you doing in your sports? I believe you are still the leader of the Live Oak Falcons. Joel, I miss the time that we were sharing grapes together at lunch time and we called that “Jump Grapes”. Andrew, hope you are still going to be the King at this year’s Christmas Nativity. And if you do, I hope you will have a good royal robe that you like. Ethan and Jordan, I will never forget that fabulous birthday party we boys had in the forest. Ethan, I thank you for the beautiful football that your cousin gave me. I have displayed it on the top of my bookshelf. Jordan, I am still keeping the two- dollar note that you gave me and it serves as my bookmark. Joshua, I thank you and your mom for taking me to school every day. I enjoyed the time when we were playing together. l wish we would be still playing ping-pong and pool together in that game room. Will, I remember that we had a fun time together when Mrs. Browning took us all together in her van to Jordan and Ethan’s birthday party. Luke, I miss the time when we were playing World War Ⅱ together at your house. I also remember the time when we were playing basketball together in the Baylor SLC and my mom said that you are a very nice and polite boy. Keegan, my mom had given her email address to your mom. If you ever come to China, please do come to Xiamen and visit me. Jerome, I really miss the time when we were playing tag in the playground. Caleb, I still remember that in recess time, you were always doing your Latin homework with Thomas as your “tutor” hanging on the “Monkey Bar” in the playground.
Dear girls, incase this letter would be too long, I’m not going to write to each of you. But do remember, I miss you as much as I miss the guys.
Hope all of you are doing well in your fifth grade life. I wish all of you can come to China someday in the near future. I look forward to being your host and showing you around my beautiful city.
I’d love to hear from you about anything fun in your life and our Live Oak Classical School.
Sincerely,
Joseph
在传统的思维当中,教师似乎始终高高在上,有绝对的权威,从而忽略了学生的主体性,在如今的社会中自然不受欢迎。所以教师要打破常规,在适当的时候,与学生进行角色互换,让学生参与上课和点评,充分展现和张扬他们的个性。教师可以先将外国文学各章节内容进行分析和评估,区分详略,确定哪些章节、哪些作家作品由教师讲,哪些可以让学生讲解、评析。然后让学生尝试备课,制作和课件。教师可以选择一些基础较好、准备较充分的学生作进一步指导,然后让这些学生登台讲解。也可以采用分组的形式,以3-4位同学为一组,发挥团队的力量,组合学生的聪明才智。在此基础上各组推荐各方面能力强的学生上台讲课。学生互相评点之后,老师再作点评和补充,这样就让学生知道自己的优点和不足,也能更深入地了解领悟文学作品,使学生尤其是师范生掌握上课的技能,为将来成为一名合格乃至优秀的教师奠定良好的基础。作为角色互换的另一端,教师除了参与点评学生授课之外,自己的课也可以请学生进行点评,这样做既可以了解学生掌握的程度、上课的状况,也可以知道自己授课的不足,有利于反思和改进。笔者曾多次将这种教学方法运用到课堂教学实践中,受到了学生们的欢迎,也得到了学生的积极配合。有的学生课上得非常精彩,甚至超过老师,不能不说是打破习惯思维和常规教学方法带来的双赢结果。虽然说教师不易,教无定法,但为了学生,也为了自己,只能使出浑身解数,成为一个适应时代发展需要的的外国文学教师,当好中文专业学生外国文学课程的领路人。
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