近年来,我们一直提倡国学教育,倡导发扬中华民族的传统文化。由此在基础教育以及高等教育等方面都做出了很大的努力。包括成语听写大会,古诗词听写大会等引起的国学潮,都对传统文化的发展做出了重要的贡献。在语文教材的修订上,注意通过课后练习、口语交际、习作(写话、写作)、综合性学习等内容的设计,渗透优秀传统文化教育,使学生潜移默化地受到优秀传统文化的熏陶。这样能在日常的学习生活中向学生灌入传统文化的知识与内涵,使学生深刻地理解传统文化的精神,同时使学习传统文化成为学生的优良习惯。
传统文化是我国的根基,继承和弘扬传统文化需要从小学抓起,因为他们是祖国的希望,是祖国的明天。因此,将继承传统文化的大任交给国家未来的接班人,是极其明智的选择。
独立策展人已经成为艺术生态系统中不可或缺的重要组成部分,策展人不仅要遴选、收集与主题相符的艺术作品,更要在深入挖掘艺术作品背后意义的基础上研究相关的艺术问题,提高中国当代艺术展览的文化品位,有效解决艺术家与艺术市场之间的需求关系,实现中国当代艺术更为有效的策展传播,推动艺术市场的可持续发展。在国际性大展中,成功的策展不仅能够充分彰显艺术作品的精神内涵和时代意义,而且对中国当代艺术的国际化发展具有重要的推动作用。因此,加强中国当代艺术策展传播的研究,具有非常重要的现实意义。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
独立策展人无疑推动了当代艺术的广泛传播,对于这样一个独特的职业身份,一些艺术家、媒体人、投资商人、评论家、教师等,都在尝试以策展人的身份进行展览策划。在他们看来,独立策展是一种能够创造效益的行为,而他们往往对于展览的文化品位、学术意义、教育意义以及社会效益不甚明了。由此带来专业水平较低、主题阐释不够、无法引发观者共鸣等问题,这些都成为中国当代艺术策展传播所面临的困境,我们必须加强对其的关注。
目前,独立策展人主要分为两类:一类是由不同行业的工作者所组成的非专业群体,他们在策展方面没有太多,属于业余人士,文化意识不强,学术研究能力较弱,无法充分体现展览的主题思想。虽然这些人中不乏对艺术充满兴趣的、具有较强文化意识和学术钻研能力的策展爱好者,他们可以将自己的创意与展览主题相结合,能够赋予艺术作品一定的内涵与价值,但总体来看,这样的人比较少。另一类则是专门从事策展工作的职业策展人,他们具有丰富的策展经验,具有较强的文化意识和学术研究能力,在全面阐释展览主题思想的基础上,能够营造强烈的展览氛围,他们是当代艺术风向的引领者。所以,加强对独立策展人的培养,提高策展人的.策展水平和学术品位,构建完善的策展人制度,充分发挥他们在当代艺术传播中的重要作用,是走出当前困境的解决途径。非专业的策展人最好回归自己的本职工作,以避免因过多参与策展,造成本职工作的延误。否则,不仅无法起到推动当代艺术的策展传播作用,反而会因为理论研究的落后而影响当代艺术的健康发展。只有将当代艺术策展传播中存在的问题解决好,才能推动中国当代艺术的可持续发展。
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
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