Dear teacher,
We'll have a class meeting this afternoon. All of us students hope that you can attend it. Please accept our sincere invitation.
In the class meeting, we will make some plans about all the subjects, including English. We do have some puzzles and we need your help. So we hope you can set some time aside to be with us in the class meeting. We will feel honored if you can come to attend our class meeting.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours
XXX
陶渊明,晋代诗人,喜欢随其自然。
他穷得有时吃饭都成问题,有时冬天还穿着单衣,却怡然自乐,说:“采菊东篱下,悠然见南山”。
他当过一个小县令。一次郡守派人来视察。县吏提醒他要去迎接,他正在饮酒赏菊,有些不情愿。县吏又提醒他要穿官服,系冠带,不可违了体统。陶渊明长叹道:“我怎么能为了五斗米的俸禄,而屈身呢?”就辞官回家了。
他家有七八间草屋,门前有五棵柳树,他就自称“五柳先生”。
他喜欢读书,但不抠字眼,只要领会意思就可以了(“不求甚解”)。他在《五柳先生传》说:“好读书,不求甚解,每有会意,便欣然忘食。”
陶渊明写的诗就象他的为人,平淡、自然,如同天成。
“不求甚解”现在却多指学习不认真,或不深入了解。不过“求甚解”的却很少有谁写出陶渊明那样的诗来。
古人常常在吟诗作词时对文字下很大功夫。贾岛推敲之美谈,王安石“又绿江南岸”之用功,都是很好的例子。今天,著名唱作型歌手许嵩在创作上也可以用“咬文嚼字”来形容。《断桥残雪》中,许嵩对“溶解”的使用就曾下过很大的心思。“水中寒月如雪,指尖轻点溶解”一句意境奇绝。许嵩起先为寻找一个动词费尽思量,寻寻觅觅,后来才找到与“如雪”匹配的“溶解”。不仅此处,许嵩的很多歌词用词都是“唯一”,无可替代。
咬文嚼字,咬的是文字的内涵,嚼的是文字的精髓。
咬文嚼字与不求甚解是两种不同的读书方法,适用情况各不相同,所以两者并不矛盾。
当你读到一首诗或是一篇文章的精华之处,是需要字斟句酌,锱铢必较的。好的东西总会经得起推敲,一个字乃至一个标点符号的食用,不仅与文字的内容和形式相关,更和作者的思想感情密切联系。细细品味,你不但能够与作者产生共鸣,而且在自己的文学创作中也能推陈出新,独树一帜。
但如果你读的是一篇语言平俗的文章,或是言简意赅的新闻报告,这时候你再死抠一字一句,只会因小失大,多此一举。在这种情况下,观其大略,会其大意,不失为一种事半功倍的好方法。
方法本无好坏之分,关键在于使用得当。运用之妙,存乎一心,因文而异,才是明智的阅读。
阅读文章应不求甚解。所谓不求甚解,并不是指囫囵吞枣或漫不经心的阅读,而是把握大概,会心领悟。
有人说:“阅读文章应该咬文嚼字。”其实不然,好比欣赏风景,咬文嚼字者只懂得观其一隅,而不求甚解者却能领略“横看成岭侧成峰,远近高低各不同”的趣味。清代李笠翁以为宋子京的“绿杨烟外晓寒轻,红杏枝头春意闹”的“闹”字极为粗俗,殊不知,观之全诗,这个“闹”字最能写出百花争奇斗艳,蜂围蝶阵乱纷纷的盛景。纠缠一字雅俗而弃全诗意境于不顾,因小失大,是咬文嚼字者的弊病。
不求甚解需要感知全文,概括全文,从而知晓中心,领会意图。阅读文章需要有不求甚解的精神,才能不在文字跋涉中被束缚手脚,而有“山穷水尽疑无路,柳暗花明又一村”的惊艳之美。
Such is sons’ nature; I really do not know how to express my thanks to you. However, I can imagine, on the day 18 years ago, when you gave birth to me, what a complex feeling you had. In the past few years, every day you struggle me up in the morning and prepare breakfast for me, then in the afternoon, you always welcome your only son with delicious foods after a day‘s hard work. Now your son has been 18 and will go to university soon, like a bird is leaving its parents. Nevertheless, your footprints on my heart will never ever fade and I love you mum!
your son
Hello, we are XX tourism company, we have you and your 2 children 4 to set up tourist routes for you to choose.
From Beijing to Shanghai's tourist routes, you can go play in Shanghai Zoo, which has its own characteristics is a large-scale integrated Zoo. Then you can also go to Shanghai, Nanjing Pedestrian Street shopping, it is a shopper's paradise.
From Beijing to Changsha tourist routes, you can go play Changsha Window of the World, which is a new development in an amusement park. Then you can go take a look at Pinghu Tang and Wangfujing, one of the very many. Yuelu Mountain is you have to go to a place, from the top you can see the whole Changsha.
From Beijing to Guangzhou's tourist routes, you can go a long long amusement park to play, and that there are many excellent recreational facilities, so that you will not regret it. You can also go to Hong Kong the world's wildlife, which is currently China's largest imitation of the Wild Animal Park. Guangzhou's food is delicious, you will like.
From Beijing to Guilin tourism line, you can go to the famous Lijiang River, sitting on the boat to enjoy the beautiful scenery, and then can go to Yinzi Yan, it was China's first large cavern 4. Guilin Yang Shuo in the line of Yang Renjie shopping and you will be a good place to eat. That you will not feel the same with Chinese characteristics.
I hope you are happy to play China
Yours
XXX
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