1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
珠山公园背倚珠山,面对波光粼粼的云龙湖,公园内绿树成荫,树木葱茏,她犹如一颗明珠点缀在云龙湖边。
停车步入公园,首先映入眼帘的是鹤鸣台,它坐落在云龙湖边,上面立着一个巨大的道教标志。相传,徐州道教的创始人张道陵就在这里修道。继续向前走,便是百草坛,据说,古时候徐州疾病流行,张道陵便在这里制出消除疾病的草药,使百姓安居乐业。在这里漫步,闻着淡淡的花香,让人沉醉其中。
距离百草坛不远处便是天师岭,岭上的瀑布沿着绵羊石垒成的水道弯弯曲曲的缓缓流淌下来。看上去,还真有几分像羊群在饮水呢。虽是初春,水有些凉,但这仍然挡不住孩子们嬉水的冲动,他们脱去鞋袜,纷纷跳入水中,撩起水相互嬉戏,开心地叫着,笑着。瀑布最下方的水潭中,种植着水葫芦、美人蕉等水生植物,更添了几分野趣。
整个景区最有趣的莫过于下沉廊道了。步入其中,犹如步入了水底世界。鱼儿有的在你身边游弋,不停地朝你张张嘴,似乎有悄悄话要对你说,有的吐出一串泡泡,有的停玻璃上一动也不动,似乎在思考什么,有的朝你挥动鱼鳍,似乎在向你打招呼……
啊,珠山公园,我爱你那优美的风景和动人的传说。
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