冰淇淋是生活中不可缺少的一道美食。夏天没胃口时,尝些冰淇淋,是一个迅速补充体力降低体温的好方法。尤其对小朋友来说更是挡不住的诱惑,聪明的妈妈能在小朋友不愿吃饭时,偶尔改变方式以冰淇淋取代主食,同样能摄取营养和热量,漂亮的颜色又让人产生食欲。
你知道吗?美国每年能销售10亿加仑的冰淇淋,8%的牛奶最终变成冷冻食品。如今,各种各样的冰淇淋店更是遍布世界。现在就让我们一起看看冰淇淋的历史吧。
The earliest reports of people enjoying flavored ice desserts come from the Romans and the Chinese. Marco Polo returned from his famous expedition with fruit-flavored ices, reporting that Asians had been making them for thousands of years. These delicacies became popular in France in the 1500s, but only among royalty. Over the next few centuries, the process of making them evolved from hauling mountain ice to salt/ice freezing methods. Cream was introduced as an ingredient, and by the 1700s, people were enjoying a dessert that was very similar to today's ice cream.
The hand-cranked ice cream freezer was first developed by Nancy Johnson in 1846. Ice was readily available from large warehouses in that era, so ice cream became a treat that could be enjoyed by almost anyone, not just the rich. Ice cream making was revolutionized again in 1851, when Jacob Fussel started the first wholesale ice cream manufacturing operation in Baltimore, Maryland. Fussel's dairy business had excess cream and he couldn't figure out what to do with it. He tried using it to make ice cream, and before long his ice cream business outsold the rest of the dairy.
The business slowly evolved for the next few decades. Manufacturing methods and ingredients improved, while refrigeration technology became cheaper and more efficient. By the 1920s, home refrigerators and freezers became more common, which gave the ice cream industry another boost. Sugar was rationed in the US during World War I, but the ice cream industry convinced the government that ice cream was an "essential food”. Ice cream factories were allotted sugar rations and production continued.
Ice cream increased in popularity until the Depression years caused a drop in sales for virtually all non-essential goods. Sales increased in the years leading up to World War II before leveling off in the post-war years. The rise of the giant supermarket created demand for cheaper, mass-produced ice cream, but quality suffered. The 1960s saw a resurgence in "premium"ice cream, while the following decades saw the market fragment into low-fat varieties for the health-conscious, including frozen yogurt, fruit bars, ice milk, fat-free ice cream, and dozens of other varieties. However, ice cream still makes up about 60 percent of the market share among frozen desserts. While ice cream is enjoyed worldwide, it has become an American tradition
当雄鹰在试飞中无数次挫折后,它翱翔于天宇,获得了一笔财富。当蝴蝶经历破茧时无数次挫折后,它在花丛中飞舞,获得了一笔财富。当乌龟从沙滩爬向海洋时,经历无数次挫折后,它进入了海洋翱游,获得了一笔财富。人生若没有了挫折,就失去了应有的意义,所以挫折人生的一笔财富。
挫折使人性格坚强。人在成长的道路上必定会经受挫折,挫折越多,性格越坚强。司马迁是极刑之下见勇夫,当他受朝廷的压迫时,他的人生遭到了挫折,但这使他的性格更坚强,从而写成了“史家之绝唱,无韵之离***。”的巨著<史记>.的确,挫折使人性格更坚强,使人更容易走向成功。
挫折使人吸取教训。季羡林写错文章被批评,这是他人生中的一大挫折,但他认识到了自己的错误,吸取教训,从而成为中国语言学家、文学翻译家,梵文、巴利文专家、作家,北京大学教授、辅仁大学教授。爱迪生在一次实验中,运用了很多材料来研制,但处处碰壁,遭到挫折,他从中吸取教训,再次努力而发明出了电灯泡。可见,只要在挫折之后吸取教训就能助于走向成功。
挫折使人有了灵感。从古至今有无数诗人,词人在挫折后遭到排斥,但他们从中获得了灵感从而有所创作。当李白被人诽谤后,玄宗赐金放还,但他从中获得灵感,写出了传承至今的名作,被誉为诗仙。苏轼应乌台诗案而被贬,但他从中获得灵感,成为唐宋八大家之一。当杜甫应黄州诗案而被流放,他的挫折使长产生灵感从而诗篇名传千古
成功之花永远在荆棘之从背后;只有经历了挫折才能获得得成功有所成就。建好的船只有在经历狂风骤雨后才能看见彩虹,所以挫折是人生的一笔财富。
有人说,如果苏轼在他的一生中没有被贬,没有遭遇那么多的人生挫折,而是仕途畅通地度过一生,那就不会有《赤壁赋》《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》等千古绝唱在历史的深处盎然奏响,也不会有传承后世的精神薪火照亮一方绚丽的天空。对此,我表示认同。人不会一生都畅通无阻,不会没有挫折,挫折就是为成功而收集的经验,是成功的基石。
挫折,是每一个人都会经历的。挫折不一定是你成功路上的绊脚石,只要你心态积极向上,挫折会促使你爆发更多的潜力,达到你无法预料的结果,成为了你成功路上的垫脚石。西方著名音乐家贝多芬,在小时候就双耳失聪,这对于他在创作上无疑是一个很大的障碍,很可能会使他放弃创作之路。但他并没有放弃,反而把这个挫折克服了,把挫折变成了他成功创作之路的垫脚石。从而创造了《命运交响曲》等优秀著作,从而获得了成功。如果当时贝多芬他没有残疾,没有遭遇到双耳失聪等挫折的话,那么就不会有《命运交响曲》这样的千古绝唱在历史的深处暗然奏响,就不会有如此优秀的`著作流传于后世。所以说,挫折并不是一种磨难,反而是一种动力,一种能使人振奋起来的动力。所以说挫折是成功的垫脚石。
挫折能使一个人成功,也会使一个人失败,关键在于人们如何应对挫折,在挫折来临时如何应对。历史上的名人大多在挫折中破茧而出,登上成功的巅峰。如苏轼、贝多芬等人在经历如此多的挫折中,仍坚持初心,积极努力,从而获得成功。经历挫折不一定会使你成功,但成功之路少不了挫折。一个在获得成功却没有经历过挫折的人,那他的这份成功也不会长久。
所以,挫折是成功之路必备的,没有经历挫折的成功是不会存在的。在面对挫折是不要认为挫折是一种苦难和障碍,反而应把挫折当成人生成功的垫脚石。
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