假如,我们是创造生活的“作家”,我们的生活是“作品”,那么我们将如何对待“读者”?个人认为:我们要坚定自我,奋发向上,争做有为青年。
有人说:“作家
作家在
诚然,懂得倾听“读者”可以摆正自己、警醒自己,但是一味的听取也可能造成媚俗、从众的心态。
如果一个作家只是单纯地把读者之想写下来,那何不成为一位优秀的笔录员呢?故而有人说:“作家
近来,抖音、快手等短视频软件走红,很多年轻人沉溺其中。但是以一个少年的姿态,不禁想问:为什么要在最该努力的年纪选择转发“锦鲤”?为什么甘愿做一个躲在角落里、在抖音视频里仰望别人生活的卑微的人,而不是那个握紧拳头,把汗水挥洒在星空大海的征程上的人?杨绛先生有言:“做人,要做好自己选择的事,而不是选择容易的事。因为容易,意味着价值可以忽略。”在关注社会,培养社会责任感的同时,我们不避免会踏入污泥。但即使脚踏污泥,也决不改变高洁的品质,做到“秀干终成栋,精钢不作钩”,不为势屈、不为利诱,才是可靠的内心。我始终相信,生活中真正动人的戏,不是谁拥有了完美的人生,而是那些苦苦坚守、认真演绎的生活。
当然,坚持自我不代表固执己见,做得太偏执,反而失去了创作的本真。
但丁有言:“走你自己的路,让别人说去吧。”这并不意味着要狂妄,而是要倾听理性的声音,舍弃那些杂音,坚定地做我们自己认为正确的事。被《自然》杂志誉为“石墨烯驾驭者”的曹原,敢于挑战权威的质疑,坚信石墨烯能传导的大胆判断,最终历尽艰辛破解了困扰物理学界107年的世界难题。他的成功也说明要理性对待他人的声音,要心有坚守,不能轻易被外界左右,即使是梦,也要好好地做,认真地做。
华为创始人任正非说:“我们做好自己的事就好了。”作为新时代的有为青年,始终坚定自我理想信念,为诗与美好的生活献出泪水,为改革开放奉上我们的热血!
Sperber和Wilson主张用“关联原则”来解释人类的交际。他们认为,语言交际是一个认知过程,交际双方之所以能够配合默契,是因为有一个最佳的认知模式,即“关联”。关联由两个因素决定:语境效果和心智努力。人类认知活动的目标就是在认知过程中力图以最小的心智努力获得最大的语境效果。为了达到这个目标,人们必须把注意力集中于最为“关联”的信息,以获取信息和语境的最佳关联。最佳关联是指在话语理解时以一定的心智努力获得足够的语境效果。
交际是否成功关键在于人对事物之间的联系或关联的认识。人类在认知过程中往往以最大关联为取向,但在实际交际过程中我们只能期待产生一个最佳关联,即听者在理解话语时用最小的认知努力获得足够的语境效果,并以交际为取向。关联理论认为语境是一个在互动过程中为了正确理解话语而存在于人们大脑中的一系列假设,所以关联理论的语境不限于现实环境中的情景或话语本身的语境,交际中的语境不是固定不变的,而是动态的。而最佳的语境效果是由明示——推理模式提供的。明示,即说话人明白无误地表达出自己的意图;推理,即听话人从说话人提供的信息中推断出说话人暗含的意图。其中,听话人的推理是理解话语的核心,而关联则是听话人推理的基础。对话语进行推理就是在话语与语境假设之间寻找一种关联,关联选取得当就会获得足够的语境效果,有了语境效果,就能正确理解话语,使交际获得成功。
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
王开林
①一位熟识的读者告诉我:几年前,他曾在精神方面出现了危机的前兆——空虚和迷茫。于是他主动应对,阅读了一些书。忽然悟到,大家人云亦云,反复强调“有志者事竟成”,那个“事”通常都指大事,然而天下大事太少,小事如麻,倘若我们一味地想做大事,别说良机有限,贵人难遇,就老实地掂量自己的才智吧,也未必够用。悟到 这一层,他当机立断,确定了一条崭新的座右铭——“日成一事”。这个“事”只限于小事和微事,但必须做得有条不紊,有始有终。一段时间后,他走出困境,取得了突出的业绩,成为同行中的领军人物。可见,日成一事,方可有为。
②日成一事,就是要尽可能地把小事做好,把细节顾全。读一本书,就把这本书读明白,不“***书头”(国学家黄侃的说法,只读个开头,就将书撂下抛弃)。写一封信,就把这封信写周详,慎勿差池。见一个人,就把这个人见清楚,莫留疑惑。植一棵树就把这棵树植成活,勿使枯萎。诸如此类。日成一事,既是一个原始积累的过程,也是一个自我完善的过程,久而久之,不说积土成山,积水成渊,至少也能集腋成裘。
③日成一事,就是要尽可能地把小事做好,不慌不忙,不急不躁。曾国藩有一副名联,可谓快人“慢语”:“好人半自苦中来,莫贪便宜;世事皆因忙里错,且更从容。”我说曾国藩是“快人”,其意并不难解,他是近代公认的立德、立功、立言的`头号典型人物,大家都认定他是快刀斩乱麻的顶尖高手。殊不知,他经常劝人要慢工出细活,天下事非从容而莫办。无独有偶,民国元勋黄兴也是“快人”,半生戎马倥偬,但他好整以暇,最爱对人说的四个字是“慢慢细细”(长沙方言,意为做事不求快而求精)。大德高人,我们学不来,但其言之要义值得留心,无论做大事还是做小事,单纯地追求快速都不行,急就章靠谱的总是太少,精心之作则须仔细打磨。
④也许有人会犯嘀咕:日成一事,这是否要求太高而又逼迫太紧?首先,日成一事,是专指小事;其次,日 成一事,是专重细节;此外,日成一事,是要快人减速;还有,日成一事,是要懒人提劲。虽是小事和细节,你若日日慎意而为,精心而为,你将具备过人之处。
(选自《青年文摘》2013年,有删改)
24.选文的中心论点是什么?(2分)
答:
25.选文开头从一位读者的经历写起,有什么好处?(3分)
答:
26.选文第③段运用了哪些论证方法?有什么作用?(4分)
答:
27.请简要分析选文的论证思路。(3分)
28.下列选项中,不适合作为选文论据的一项是( )(2分)
A.马南邨《燕山夜话》:“任何重大原则的分野,常常是隐伏在不被注意的细微末节之间,有识者不可不察!”
B.梁实秋《书》:“挤在书肆里读书,应该像牛吃嫩草,不慌不忙的……”
C.陶渊明在《五柳先生传》中写道:“好读书,不求甚解;每有会意,便欣然忘食。”
D.老子说:“天下难事,必做于易;天下大事,必做于细。”
29.读了选文以后,请结合生活实际,谈谈你的收获。(2分)
答:
(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的`议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目
______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____ 缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
(3)答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, anotheer way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a
number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
(4) 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二_.
Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题
_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspJust As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides",is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题
into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.
( 3 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this pr______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concern
( 4 谚语警句性议论文
语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our stu. ( also theoretically
______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____ With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语
_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
★★★图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the _____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to
show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned,
I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
一段峥嵘岁月,化为起伏变化错落的历史光影,如风景在身边闪动。成就无数。
当帝国主义敲碎了千年的美梦,当封建主义榨干了人民的血汗,大地的胸膛里传来了一个民族的***。十月的思潮翻涌而至,于是你率先举起了救国屈辱的旗帜,发出了“还我青岛,还我中华”的呐喊。历史的舞台从此宽阔,民族的命运从此改写。
你以无悔的青春翻开了时代的篇章,你以无悔的青春塑造了不屈的历史,你以无悔的青春传承了闪亮的五四精神。
青春,是一曲动人的旋律。无悔,是因为它歌唱祖国,歌唱信念,歌唱理想,歌唱自由。
五四青年,当你的事迹镌刻在中华民族争取自由和解放的丰碑上,就注定了责任与使命的代代传承。
我以为青春易逝,循望它的踪迹,革命年代,它在战场上的鲜血里流淌,和平年代,它在开拓创新的事业中飞扬。原来青春不灭,哪里有需要,哪里就要准备奉献的青春。
是谁在祖国的边疆上坚定的驻守?是谁在雪灾中修路扫雪,维持治安,日以继夜?是谁在汶川地震中不顾生命安全向受灾的同胞伸出援手?在那些晃动的身影中,我看到闪亮的青春。这些,不正是五四精神的缩影吗?不求扬名,只为奉献。
成长的道路或许曲折,但我们用博大来释怀忧愁,用无私来获取快乐。信念是青春的指路灯,理想是青春的导航标。
没有信念的青春是迷茫的,没有理想的青春是空虚的,没有奋斗的青春是毫无意义的,作为当代的青年人,理应承担起振兴兴祖国,繁荣民族的职责,而唯有充实的自己,才能贡献更有价值的青春。所以一腔热血不是纸上空谈,行动,才是实现自我价值的最大体现。
人生的五月,我们乘风破浪,人生的五月,我们展翅翱翔。我用青春描绘时代的画卷,我用青春唱响时代的旋律,我用青春扬起时代的风帆。奉献,是我无悔的青春。
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