Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
“死不死?”“就该枪毙!”一群人说着、骂着。
“你死不死?”监考老师在前面看着下面交头接耳的考生。
虽然还没有开始,但是火药味已经很浓了,似乎张开嘴就能吃到枪药了。
语文卷子在考试前5分钟就发下来了,看到作文后我就想到了这个题目《生命并没有结束》。我的脑子里顿时思绪万千,已经无暇顾及前面的那60分题了,拿起笔就添上了答案,也不知道有没有多选题。
好好想作文怎么写,突然我看到了脚下的阿迪王,这让我联想到了春哥、大帝……那句口口相传,老幼皆知,最经典的口号:信春哥,得永生!对啊,生命并没有结束,因为我们都信春哥,我们可以得到永生,生命怎能结束?!
我又一次欣赏了脚下的阿迪王,那么光艳美丽!大帝、春哥保佑我吧,我不仅要生命,还要分数!
老师,这份试卷是有魔力的,如果你不信春哥、不信大帝,那么你必死无疑。如果你希望你的生命不会结束,那么就请给我一个满分,我们敬爱的春哥和大帝一定会饶恕你的!
写到这里差不多400字了,距离要求的600字还差点,那我就再写上几句吧。
还是说说考场里面的事情,此时考场内已经乱了,此时不是武松的血溅鸳鸯楼,而是血溅中考场!带着刀的那个人我不认识,但是看到他脚下的阿迪王我就知道他是我哥们。我也看到了有人躺在了地上,早已血肉模糊,希望他也信春哥,生命不会结束,否则估计死定了。
考场中一片惨象,两位监考老师似乎都很胆小,躲在讲台后面不敢出来,考场内好学生面前的卷子早已被抢跑,一群穿着阿迪王的学生在狂抄。我不想去抄,因为我不想违反考场纪律,仍然坐在我的位置上完成这篇作文。
突然,我听到了警车的声音,隐隐约约的,因为考场里面太嘈杂了。没错,就是警察,手持防暴盾进入了我们考场,那些打人的、抢卷子的学生全被带出去了,我想我做对了,要不就会进去了,这篇作文也没法再展现在世人面前了。
生命并没有结束,因为我的目标还没有实现,我的希望,我的理想,我的一切……
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