Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character, a small, plain-faced, intelligent and honest English orphan. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Janes childhood at Gateshead, where she is abused by her aunt and cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations; her time as the governess of Thornfield Manor, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family at Marshs End (or Moor House and Morton, where her cold clergyman-cousin St John Rivers proposes to her; and her reunion with and marriage to her beloved Rochester at his house of Ferndean. Partly autobiographical, the novel abounds with social criticism and sinister gothic elements.
要提高学生的口语水平,就要分析影响学生口语水平提高的主要因素。笔者在近几年的教学中发现,影响学生口语能力提高的原因是多方面的,但主要有以下几个因素。
教师的口语能力教师自身素质参差不齐,如部分教师的口语能力不强,不能自如地进行口语交际,无法胜任课堂交际活动的组织和指导工作。同时,教师授课任务繁重,在职进修培训较少,口语水平的提高很难有质的飞跃。
教师的教学理念有些教师没有充分认识到口语的重要性,仍然把学生能否通过有关考试看成是语言学习是否成功的唯一标志。这种理念导致教师对学生口语能力培养的忽视,在课堂上很少有时间对学生进行口语训练,使学生失去了宝贵的语言交际的机会。
教师的教学方式有些教师的课堂教学模式、教学方法与手段较为单一,仍是“满堂灌”和“填鸭式”的教学方法,教师讲,学生听,教师读,学生跟。只是一味强调语言点的教学,不重视口语教学,忽视语言的交际性,除基本的课堂用语外,教师使用口语交际的空间范围不大,师生之间没有形成讲英语的氛围。
学生的口语基础由于高职学生生源的多样化,学生入学时的英语水平出现了群体差异。比如,普通高中学生基础较好,语法知识、读写能力有一定优势,但他们习惯了以听讲、记笔记为主的教学方式,不太适应更为灵活的以开口说为主的方式;对口升学的学生学过一些与专业有关的英语知识,有一定的知识面,但基础不太牢固,更不用说口头表达能力了。总之,学生是为通过中考、高考而学英语,注重的是笔头训练,缺乏听、说、读、写的有机结合,特别是忽视了英语口头表达能力的培养。进入职业院校后,相当多的学生仍旧遵循中学时养成的学习习惯,死啃语法,没有对口语能力的培养给予足够的重视。
学生的学习心理口语的主动性、交际性、公开性、灵活性给学生形成了心理上的压力。中国学生大多性格内向,缺乏自信,害怕讲得不好有损面子而不敢开口。在课堂上,教师要花很多时间鼓励学生用英语表达,经过鼓励,学生才慢慢思考,小心谨慎地讲出一个句子。这样一来耽误了时间,完不成教学任务,教师便不再对学生进行鼓励训练。久而久之,产生恶性循环,越不开口讲就越不会讲,越不会讲就越怕开口讲,使学生形成心理上的障碍。
语言环境一个良好的语言环境对于提高学习者的口语能力往往起着潜移默化的作用。学习者常常是在不经意中受到良好的语言熏陶,从而培养出较好的语感和语言习惯。但由于客观条件的制约,很多高职院校尚未建立完备的外语环境,以致许多学生走出英语课堂,就很少有进行口语练习的实践机会,自然也难以培养自觉说英语的习惯。
测试手段测试手段往往是学习的指挥棒。到目前为止,高职英语水平测试主要采用笔试(含部分听力),而口语考试一直没有组织。这从客观上影响了教师和学生对口语的重视程度以及在口语训练上的积极性。
This is my first week in ** Senior Middle School.Everything here is new for me.Our school is an old school but it`s very beautiful.I have 50 new classmates in my class.They`re all very excellent, I think, and I felt a little sad.Because I`m too common.But come to think of it,it`s a very good thing.I believe I can also be very excellent if I study with such excellent classmates.I didn`t know why Ms *** chose me to be the committee of study.But I know it`s a good chance for me to raise my ability.All I can do is do my best in the future.I am sure that Ms *** and my classmates can help me when I do something wrong. Because they`re all very kind.It`s a pleasure to work and study with them.I`m really very happy.I`m not an outstanding student in this class,but I can do the same thing like others.I believe I won`t make anyone disappointed.
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.