①愿我们的社会在爱心和奉献里温暖亲密得就像一个“大家庭”,每个“我”都在这个大家庭里自由自在地幸福成长、生活、歌唱……--《论小与大的关系》
②让我们一起来学习他们,努力,努力,再努力,去迎接新的.挑战,夺取成功!
--《说“毅力”》
1。 It is considered /thought that人们(有人,大家)认为
2。 It is generally /usually accepted /agreed/recognized that普遍(一般,通常)认为
3。 It is believed that有人(人们,大家)相信
4。 It is well—known that大家知道(众所周知)
5。 It is said that据说(有人说)
6。 It is learned that据闻(悉)
7。 It is supposed that据推测
8。 It is estimated/predicted/calculated that据估计(预计)
9。 It must be pointed that必须指出
10。 It is reported that据报道
11。 It must be admitted that必须承认
12。 It will be seen that可见(可以看出)
13。 It will be seen from this that由此可见
14。 It is understood that不用说(都知道)
15。 It can not be denied that无可否认
16。 It has been proved/demonstrated that已经证明
17。 It may be confirmed that可以肯定
18。 It may be safely said that可以有把握地说
19。 It is sometimes asked that人们有时会问
20。 It is expected that/hoped that人们希望
21。 When it comes to要说到,要谈及
这种结尾方式采用诘问句式,或设问,自问自答;或反问,发人思考。其优势是提醒读者对论及的问题做进一步关注,启发人心,在变换表达方式的同时,有效地延展了思想的长度。如2014年江苏高考高分《推开门,走下去》,开头即化用诗句,用抒情的笔调表达自己追求大学的愿望。中间部分通过引用名人事例,论述了“门不是终点,而是起点”的观点。最后,这样作结:
谁说只有哈佛才有凌晨四点半的灯火通明?我们有无数推开门走下去的人,所以才有梁思成、林徽因,有金岳霖、汪曾祺。而我们这一代人,也必将走出更杰出的大师,这一扇门,挡不住千万人的脚步。
这个结尾段,以众多知名学者为例,同时适当联系当代,指出只有像他们那样,才能为大学增加更多“大师”的道理。反诘问句起到了很好的强调和肯定的作用,这种结尾具有启发性、感染性,给人留下了感情真挚、论证有力的印象。
、经典语句,是经过时间沉淀下来的思想、情感与语言合一的精粹,善于在结尾处引经据典,既能有力佐证自己的观点,又能借精彩助阵,达成自身的精彩,让人眼前一亮。如2014年浙江高考佳作《愿赤心长留》的结尾:
童心之贵,贵在其真、其柔、其善。人的'成长会失去许多,却不应失去最本身最纯净的赤子之心。就像埃斯蒂斯所说的:“我们不是要一下子拯救整个世界,但我们可以伸出手去挽救触手可及的部分。”我愿这赤子之心,可长存你我周围,更长存于你我心间。
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ……
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ……
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……
6) Never in our history has the idea that …… been so popular.
7) Faced with ……, quite a few people argue that ……
8) According to a recent survey, ……
9) With the rapid development of ……,
10 When it comes to…, (当说到…
二、列举观点
I.Some people think/believe that…,
Other argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true
1.Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.
2.Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages.
3.Compared with cars,bikes have their advantages and disadvantages. ,
4.Although computers bring people a lot of convenience,they have many disadvantages.
5....has many advantages.For example,…
6. However,just as every coin has two sides,…has it’s disadvantages.
II…play(san important role/part in……
1.Computers play an important role in science and technology.
2.Computers play a more and more important role in our life.
3.Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies.
4.Education plays an important part in developing our mind.
5.Addiction to alcohol and drugs plays a role in homelessness.
6.Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.
7.In the past,letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication.But now,telephone,email,and fax have taken their place.
III.With the development of…
1.With the development of our economy,many Chinese families can afford a car.
2.With the development of our economy and society,pollution is more and more serious.
3.With the rapid development of Science and technology,people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home.
4.With the current social and technological developments,employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed.
5.With the rapid increase of China's population,housing problem is becoming more and more serious.
6.With more and more women entering the society,people's attitude towards women is changing.
7.With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up, an increasing number of (a growing number of,a significant number of
families can afford a car.
三、陈述自己观点
There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements,but…
四、批驳
1)It is true that ……, but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ……, but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that……
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ……
7) Too much stress placed on …… may lead to ……
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ……
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ……
10) No one can deny the fact that ……
11) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
12) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ……
13) Recent studies indicate that ……
14) There is sufficient evidence to show that ……
15) According to statistics proved by ……, it can be seen that ……
五、结尾句型 :
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨沦的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one/a word,generally speaking,to conclude等外,没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型:
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ……
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ……
3). We should take measures to control the rapidly increasing world population.
4). We’d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams.
5). The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse.
6). Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks.
7) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ……
8) In conclusion, it is imperative that ……
9) There is no easy method, but ……might be of some help.
10) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ……
11) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
12) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
13) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ……
14) Taking all these into account, we ……
15) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear……
六、其他句型
I、There be结构
There+be+主语+(修饰成分,表示客观存在的'人或事物。 There must be a lot of fuel in the tank.
There remains nothing more to be done.
There is no point in talking about it again.
There is something you don't know.
There is not enough time to do the work. .
II、名词化结构
名词化结构用以表明抽象思维的逻辑性和概念化,从而使语体更加正式、更加具有书面语风格。
1.由of连接主谓关系
That the earth revolves around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.
名词化:The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.
2.由0f连接动宾关系
One of the most important natural phenomena is that energy is transmitted from one point to another in waves.
名词化:One of the most important natural phenomena is the transmission of energy from one point to another in waves.
3.用of连接含有by的短语,把简单句转换成名词短语
1.参观时间: 五月四日,星期三
2.颐和园简介: 它是中国最大的保存最完好的皇家园林, 风景优美, 甚是迷人, 有山有水, 有皇家建筑和画廊。
3.活动安排: 上午自由参观, 中午在快餐馆吃午饭, 下午5:30返回宾馆。
4.集合时间: 星期三早上6:10, 汽车6:30开, 行驶45分钟。
5.集合地点: 宾馆大门口。
要求: 不要逐条翻译, 词数100词左右 。
One possible version:
May I have your attention?
可以让我注意吗?
We will visit the summer Palace on Wednesday, May 4. The Summer Palace is the largest well-kept royal park in China. In the park there is water and man-piled hills. There are some royal buildings and a gallery, too. I am sure you will be struck by its beautiful scenery. In the morning we will be free to visit the different places of the Palace and then we will have lunch in the fast-food restaurant. We will get back to the hotel at half five. Please gather at the hotel gate at 6:10 on Wednesday morning. The buses will start at 6:30. It will take us about 45 minutes to get there. Please be on time. Thank you.
我们将于星期三参观颐和园,五月四日。颐和园是中国最大的皇家公园。在公园里有水和人堆山。还有一些皇家建筑和一个画廊。我相信你会被它美丽的风景所打动。在上午我们将自由访问不同的地方的宫殿,然后我们将在快餐店吃午饭。我们将回到酒店的一半五。请聚集在酒店门口6:10星期三早上。公共汽车将在6:30。到那儿要花45分钟的时间。请准时。谢谢你。
综上所述,自强自立在个人成长和成材方面是非常重要的。雏鹰经过风和雨的洗礼,终究能成为一只展翅翱翔的雄鹰,靠的是自强自立的信念。DD《说“自强“》
好的议论文不仅对现实问题有关注有思考,还能提出自己的见解,或强烈咏叹,或呼吁号召,以促使人们自我超越,战胜困境。以这样的文字结尾,能唤起读者共鸣,给人以激励和鼓舞,彰显的现实意义。如2014年海南高考高分作文《授之以渔摆脱依赖》,作者从材料中的野生动物丧失觅食能力这个角度立意,从中提炼出“授之以渔摆脱依赖”的观点,符合题意且颇有新意。行文最后,作者这样作结:
授之以渔,为后辈指示一条明路。放手任其经受风雨的洗礼吧,摆脱依赖,独自行走。让一路的累积成看破红尘的睿智,一路艰辛铸就成风雨不惊的平稳。最后,当他站在路的尽头,即使没有轰轰烈烈,也能笑对命运,不留遗憾。
结尾处发出了强有力的号召,无疑增强了的现实意义,既有以理服人的一面,也有以情感人的效果。
结尾的方法也不止以上几种,还有诸如“巧妙留白,余韵绕梁”“回应标题,点题点旨”等,上面列举了几种常用的方法,希望对大家有所帮助。
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