To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
你,如同一粒尘土,悄悄地侵临在不幸者的身上。你,如同一个恶魔,凶恶地使不幸者悲痛绝望。你,如同一位死神,无情地剥夺了绝望者的灵魂。……虽然你如同死神一般恐怖,但你也是如死神害怕光明一样,是有弱点的。我们虽不能面对面地将你击倒,但我们知道,你降临于人的身上,也需要一定的途径。那么,我们就能在这些途径中,把你拒之门外。……但也许是因一部分人的堕落和疏忽,被你毁灭的灵魂正在增多。我们与你的这场没有硝烟的战争中,正以你不断扩大战果而发展着。在这场残酷的战争中,我们渐渐知道,要彻底打败你,必须以提高我们的思想意识为前提,必须挽救正在堕落的人们,而且为粗心者敲响警钟。
是的,我们始终相信最后是以你的灭亡而告终,但同时,我们也要呼吁所有人清醒地看待你,既不会堕落和疏忽,也不会被你所吓倒,即使你的名字叫艾滋病。来吧,让我们预防艾滋,珍爱生命,相信胜利的曙光来临已不再遥远。……听到这一切的一切,你一定知道生命的重要性了吧?是呀,生命的开始其实就是一支蜡烛,直到你的母亲给你点上“灯芯”,你才开始为宝贵的生命谱写第一句。直到你会“咿呀咿呀”地叫,会开口说“妈妈”,会一摇一摆地走,会说很多很多的话,有思想的时候,就会觉得周围的一切是如此的美妙。到现在,你是不是明白了如果艾滋病夺去我们的生命,就再也看不到春天蝴蝶翩翩起舞的轨迹和像水洗过似的天空这个道理了吗?如果你的蜡烛熄灭了,那你看到的将是黑暗,而不是光明。……为了不让我们更早地失去宝贵的生命,从现在开始,请你注意身边的大小细节。
同学们!请带动你们的爸爸妈妈,亲戚朋友,让大家一起注意个人的卫生,让艾滋病不与我们同在!让我们一起大声地喊出:“预防艾滋病!珍惜宝贵生命!”
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
忘记了是从那一天起,艾滋病这个略带西方色彩的字眼闯如我们生活。它惊醒了沉睡中的我们。让我们认识了艾滋,了解了艾滋,惧怕了艾滋,远离了艾滋病人。
人性就在这时体现了。普存忻这个我不太熟知,但是他是有名的艾滋病大使。也许我连他的名字都不会写,可是我从心里崇拜他,因为他有一颗剔透的心,高尚的灵魂。其实我心里也知道,艾滋病是靠性传播,血液传播,母婴传播的。可是就是人性的自私,我也保护我自己,如果有一个人他站在我面前说要和我握手,而且告诉我他是艾滋病人,恐怕我也会胆怯,我也会踌躇。可是他呢!毅然的和他们握手,吃饭,交流。也许这些在正常人与正常人之间太微不足道了。可是如果是一个正常人和一个艾滋病人之间,那么是多么的崇高的一种气节。是多么的伟大。他们做到了,可是今天的我真的做不到。
人之初,性本善。也许是自私抹***了我的善良。也许是自己保护的意识让我收起了善良。今天我只能在这里高唱凯歌,百般称赞那些能做到和艾滋病人平等的人,对不起,今天的我依然做不到~艾滋病是一种有艾滋病病毒、即人类免疫缺陷病毒入侵人体后破坏人体免疫功能,使人体发生多种不可治愈的感染和肿瘤,最后导致被感染者死亡的一种严重传染病。
全球艾滋病20年来造成2800万人死亡,目前还有4300万患者,并且每天新增病人1。4万人。我国现有65万艾滋病感染者,去年每天新增192人。
艾滋病传染途径主要有三种:一是性接触传播;二是血液传播;三是母婴传播。
目前,艾滋病仍然是不治之症。它威胁着每个人和每个家庭,预防艾滋病是全社会的责任。
1、洁身自爱。遵守性道德是预防经性途径传染艾滋病根本措施。
2、使用避孕套。正确使用避孕套不仅能避孕,还能减少感染艾滋病、性病危险。
3、治性病。及早治疗并治愈性病可减少艾滋病感染。正规医院能提供正规、保密的检查、诊断、治疗和服务咨询,必要时可借助当地性病、艾滋病服务热线进行咨询。
4、远离毒品。避免共享针头,禁止吸毒,减少血液接触。处理伤口时,一定要注意避免皮肤、眼睛、口腔接触到别人的血液。
5、防止交叉传染。避免不必要输血、注射、使用没有严格消毒的不安全拔牙和美容等,使用经艾滋病病毒抗体检测的血液和血液制品。
只要按照预防艾滋病的方法去做就不会感染到这种病。就可以不让自己的生命白白浪费掉。
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