是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。
(1)写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用dear或my dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:my dear father,dear tom等。
(2)写给公务上的信函用dear madam,dear sir或gentleman(gentlemen)。注意:dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加dear,是dear sir的复数形式。
(3)写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:dear prof. tim scales, dear dr.john smith。
商务英语书信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易时所使用的通信,英语书信格式与称谓的差异。在美国,常用Business writing,它包括书信、电报、电话、电传、报告书、明信片等。英语和美语在书信体例方面存在着一定的差异,比如信头和称呼、书信格式、遣词、结尾客套语等均有所不同。
英国书信保守,美国书信有活力。
英国书信较为保守,许多英国人喜欢用老式书信体,用词较为正式刻板,而美国书信语言非常生气、有活力,格式也较为简便。因此当我们写信的对象是英国或其旧殖民地国家时,要使用标准式英语Queens English;如果写信的对象是美国或美国势力范围的地区时,就要用美国英语。当然,英国式的语言文化近年来也有变化,但总体来说,两者间的差异是很明显的。
Dear Andrew,
How are you, my best friend Andrew? It is pleasured that you invited me to pay a visit to your home. But I am very sorry that I can’t accept your invitation because I have a very important competition which I must to take part in.
It is a competition of English play, which is hold once two years and will need a month to practice, is very valuable for me. So,I must take part in which I don’t want to miss the opportunity. Sorry, I believe you can understand me right?
Last, I want to give you a present that a CD about the hundredth anniversary of my school. It is too much fun in it and I hold you will be like. I promise you that I will accept your next invitation and bring some presents which you like.
Good Luck From Your Friend.
Xiao xin
Dear David,
Im glad youll come to Beijing to learn Chinese。 Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now。 Its difficult for you because its quite different from English。 You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible。 Its also important to do some reading and writing。 You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening。 Do your best to talk with people in Chinese。 You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you。 If you have any questions, please ask me。 Im sure youll learn Chinese well。
Hope to see you soon in Beijing。
Yours,
Wang Ming
May 8, 2006
To whom it concerns,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Sincerely yours,
(签名
(如果正式的话 在这儿署名 例:Cindy Johnson
Dear John,
I am writing to thank you for looking after me after that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital, I fear that the consequences might have been much more serious.
The doctor says that my broken leg is healing well. In addition, the taxi company has agreed to pay my hospital bills. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that Emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.
Although nowadays many people talk about the need to be unselfish and to help others, we see very few people practicing what they preach. But you showed by your actions that you are an exception.
Yours sincerely.
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