1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
黄鹤楼下进“洞房”从黄鹤楼上下来后,我发现在黄鹤楼的底层,有民俗表演。台下稀稀拉拉地坐着几个游客,台上正在进行某少数民族的娶亲表演。打扮得花枝招展的少女邀我一起参加所谓的抢亲游戏。“婚礼”的一个重要戏份,是“送入洞房”。我稀里糊涂地被强拉着和“新娘”一起进入了“洞房”。进了洞房后,主婚人伸手向我要掀起盖头的一百元喜钱,说这是风俗。我一惊诧,心想被套上温柔的陷阱了。我说只有20元,多则没有,不让我走,我就报警了。相持了十几分钟后,看我实在一毛不拔,就放我出来了。
原想体验一下民俗风情,不想却掉进了民俗陷阱里。民俗风光再好,别人的洞房岂能随闲人乱“泡”!
韶山故里里去“请像”。还在去韶山的路上,游客就会被导游上一堂课:在座各位都是有缘人,各位有缘人可以去请毛爷爷铜像保平安,每尊像都有独有编号以便收藏。一进门,导购小姐特热情:只要500元就能请一尊像。
上车后,请像的朋友互相看编号。不巧的是,我的那尊居然和邻座的那个一模一样的编号。我们哈哈一笑,又一次被“忽悠”了。伟人故里风光再好,也有宰客没商量的\'时候。
长江游轮上好“观光”。游长江三峡得坐游轮。游轮开出不久,大家就吵着要上船的楼顶上去观赏两岸风光。船老板和导游把住进口,说只有交50元才能进上面的楼顶。大家看风光心切,纷纷慷慨解囊。不一会儿,一群四五十交了钱后涌上了船定。两小时后,我悄悄也溜上了船顶。在以后,游客来去自由,无人限制。我发现了这个秘密,唆使同行的一个小青年向旅行社和旅游局告发了这一“无耻的勾当”。
结果是,在我们上岸后,导游不仅如数退还了多收的“观光费”,她的上司还亲自出面为我们加餐加酒。一场维权“战争”,就这样平息了。
这样的闲情轶事,每次旅游途中都有发生,说也说不清。它们不是风光,却胜风光;其实,它们也是每次观光中的一个个别样的风景线。因为有了它们,每次旅途的风光才那么特别,才那么难忘!
黄鹤楼下进“洞房”从黄鹤楼上下来后,我发现在黄鹤楼的.底层,有民俗表演。台下稀稀拉拉地坐着几个游客,台上正在进行某少数民族的娶亲表演。打扮得花枝招展的少女邀我一起参加所谓的抢亲游戏。“婚礼”的一个重要戏份,是“送入洞房”。我稀里糊涂地被强拉着和“新娘”一起进入了“洞房”。进了洞房后,主婚人伸手向我要掀起盖头的一百元喜钱,说这是风俗。我一惊诧,心想被套上温柔的陷阱了。我说只有20元,多则没有,不让我走,我就报警了。相持了十几分钟后,看我实在一毛不拔,就放我出来了。
原想体验一下民俗风情,不想却掉进了民俗陷阱里。民俗风光再好,别人的洞房岂能随闲人乱“泡”!
韶山故里里去“请像”
还在去韶山的路上,游客就会被导游上一堂课:在座各位都是有缘人,各位有缘人可以去请***铜像保平安,每尊像都有独有编号以便收藏。一进门,导购小姐特热情:只要500元就能请一尊像。
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