Transportation during the Spring Festival, called chunyun in Chinese, is an annual test on Chinas transportation systems.
The Spring Festival, also known as the Chinese Lunar New Year, which falls in late January or early February according to Gregorian calendar, is the most important festival for the Chinese as it is an occasion for reunions with family and friends.Particularly, people hope to return home from work or study to have a reunion dinner with families on the Lunar New Years Eve.Hundreds of millions of Chinese people are on journey as the Spring Festival travel season begins. Therefore, Chunyun has created enormous pressure on Chinas transportation sector.
The Ministry of Railway and the National Development and Reform Commission usually issue circulars during the period, demanding that coordination mechanisms be established among transportation departments, different localities and police, and that countermeasures be made in place in case of emergencies to ensure efficiency and a complete success during the peak travel season.
中国人将“春节期间的运输”简称为“春运”,它是对中国交通运输系统的年度考验。
春节,即中国农历新年,通常始于公历一月末或二月初,它是中国人最重要的节日,是家人及亲朋好友团聚的日子。人们尤其希望在学习和工作之后赶回家中与家人一起吃年夜饭。春运期间,数以亿计的中国人都在旅途奔波,因此,它给中国的交通部门造成了巨大的压力。
中国铁道部和国家发改委在此期间会下发各类通知,要求运输部门、地方各级部门、警察部门建立协调机制,制定各种措施应对紧急情况的.发生,确保运输效率,保证高峰季节的运输得以顺利完成。
位置在下面称呼语隔一行,是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的.是,正文中一般不用Hello!(你好!)
正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些,通常以五个字母为宜,每段第二行从左面顶格写起,这就是缩进式。
但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式,用齐头式,即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。
在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。
(1)写给家人、亲戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等;
(2)写给熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等;
(3)写业务信函用Truely yours(Yours truely),Faithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等;
(4)对上级、长辈用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。
一封信写完了,突然又想起遗漏的事情,这时用P.S.表示,再写上遗漏的话即可,要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方,应于正文齐头。
注意:在正式的信函中,应避免使用附言。
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