Everyone may encounter a scene when he or she wonders what the meaning and purpose of life is. Answers to this question vary from person to person. As for me, I agree with the view that the meaning of life is to discover your gift and the purpose of life is to make the best of it.
On one hand, one's gift could be the source of his inner happiness, providing spiritual impetus and correct orientation. Take the world-renowned Chinese pianist Lang Lang as an example. His gift was noticed before he was 3 years old, which laid the foundation of his glorious life. On the other hand, proper use of talent helps people to realize their value in a positive way, thus making contribution to the society as a whole. For instance, Isaac Newton made a universally amazing discovery by digging into his gift and finding the Newton's law of gravitation.
In conclusion, let's search for our true gift and utilize it to the fullest to achieve a happy and valuable life.
The fox, filled with arrogance, examined the cat from head to feet, and for a long time did not know whether he should give an answer. At last he said, "Oh, you poor beard-licker, you speckled fool, you hungry mouse hunter, what are you thinking? Have you the nerve to ask how I am doing? What do you know? How many tricks do you understand?"
"I understand but one," answered the cat, modestly.
"What kind of a trick is it?" asked the fox.
"When the dogs are chasing me, I can jump into a tree and save myself."
"Is that all?" said the fox. "I am master of a hundred tricks, and in addition to that I have a sackful of cunning. I feel sorry for you. Come with me, and I will teach you how one escapes from the dogs."
Just then a hunter came by with four dogs. The cat jumped nimbly up a tree, and sat down at its top, where the branches and foliage completely hid her.
"Untie your sack, Mr. Fox, untie your sack," the cat shouted to him, but the dogs had already seized him, and were holding him fast.
"Oh, Mr. Fox," shouted the cat. "You and your hundred tricks are left in the lurch. If you been able to climb like I can, you would not have lost your life."
一只猫在森林里遇到一只狐狸,心想:“他又聪明,又丰富,挺受人尊重的。”於是它很友好地和狐狸打招呼:“日安,尊敬的狐狸先生,您好吗?这些日子挺艰难的,您过得怎么样?”
狐狸傲慢地将猫从头到脚地打量了一番,半天拿不定主意是不是该和它说话。最后它说:“哦,你这个倒霉的长着鬍子、满身花纹的傻瓜、饥肠辘辘地追赶老鼠的.傢伙,你会啥?有甚么资格问我过得怎么样?你都学了点甚么本事?”
“我只有一种本领。”猫谦虚地说。
“甚么本领?”狐狸问。
“有人追我的时候,我会爬到树上去藏起来保护自己。”
“就这本事?”狐狸不屑地说,“我掌握了上百种本领,而且还有满口袋计谋。我真觉得你可怜,跟着我吧,我教你怎么从追捕中逃生。”
就在这时,猎人带着四条狗走近了。猫敏捷地窜到一棵树上,在树顶上蹲伏下来,茂密的树叶把它遮挡得严严实实。
“快打开你的计谋口袋,狐狸先生,快打开呀!”猫冲着狐狸喊道。可是猎狗已经将狐狸扑倒咬住了。“哎呀,狐狸先生,”猫喊道,“你的千百种本领就这么给扔掉了!假如你能像我一样爬树就不至於丢了性命了!”
经济法本身是促进经济和社会发展的新型的法律部门,它不再像传统的公私法律那样主要通过限制和禁止做某种行为来调整社会关系①。经济法一方面通过一部分限制和禁止的法律规范来调整经济社会关系,另一方面通过鼓励市场主体作为某种对社会有益的行为,并对此进行肯定性评价或者奖励来促进市场活动良性发展。
我国现行的经济法律规范当中已经有许多关于鼓励性措施和奖励制度的规定。其中,有许多以“促进法”命名的法律,主要有《中小企业促进法》、《企业职工奖惩条例》、《就业促进法》、《税收征收管理办法》、《循环经济促进法》等,这些法律规范当中隐含了许多关于经济法鼓励措施和奖励制度的规定。
经济法调整的是国家经济管理关系,这种关系是在国家对国民经济实行管理的过程中发生的,是以国家为一方主体,同另一方是管理与被管理的关系,带有一定的国家强制性。经济法的基本任务在于通过调整国家经济管理关系,保障国家经济管理职能的实现,维护经济管理秩序,促进国民经济从总体上稳定、协调和发展②。经济法的这种调整对象及基本任务,决定其既采用必要的命令、禁止强行性规范,又采用大量鼓励性规范和奖励制度,以引导、鼓励和促进国民经济健康发展。
在经济活动中,国家的宏观调控也倾向于减少强制性的'管理手段,更多地运用柔和的经济鼓励措施和奖励机制来进行管理,比如,国家鼓励企业的经营者进行科技创新,提高产品质量,保障生产安全,通过一些奖励措施,激励个人对企业、集体进行监督,有效且顺畅地实现了其预想的经济管理目标。
Father had a family of sons who were perpetually quarrelling among themselves. When he failed to heal their disputes by his exhortations, he determined to give them a practical illustration of the evils of disunion; and for this purpose he one day told them to bring him a bundle of sticks. When they had done so, he placed the faggot into the hands of each of them in succession, and ordered them to break it in pieces. They each tried with all their strength, and were not able to do it.
He next unclosed the faggot, and took the sticks separately, one by one, and again put them into their hands, on which they broke them easily. He then
addressed them in these words: "My sons, if you are of one mind, and unite to assist each other, you will be as this faggot, uninjured by all the attempts of your enemies; but if you are divided among yourselves, you will be broken as easily as these sticks."
笔者认为,在经济法规范中设置鼓励性政策和奖励措施是必要的,体系化、程序化的经济法奖励制度有利于规范市场主体的行为,建立健全市场竞争秩序。
(一制度意义
法律制度是多元化的集合体,当制裁性规范占大多数,则很难有效地构建利好的经济秩序,此时,鼓励性规范和奖励政策的规制就显得必要。首先,经济法中的鼓励性规范和奖励措施可以引导立法方向。经济法规、规章的制定不得违反经济法律,在不与上位法冲突的情况下,适当考虑当地具体的实际情况。经济法律中的鼓励性规范和奖励措施是一些原则性的、宽泛的指导意见,法规、规章的制定可以在依据法律的基础上,规定的更为具体,以便于实施,因地制宜地去促进经济发展。
其次,经济法中的鼓励性规范和奖励措施可以完善宏观的法律体系。其他部门法不是一成不变的,在经济高速发展的今天,法律的规范功能正在发生变化,即从事后法转移到了事中、甚至事前法,通过一些鼓励和奖励政策,可以引导和激励人们为有利于经济发展的行为,通过人们的自觉行为,国家干预经济活动则更为便利。迎合社会经济发展的要求,这种立法方式将会影响到诸如民法、刑法、行政法等法律部门,整个法律体系会不断完善。
(二实效意义
法的实施必然带来法的实效,实效的优劣取决于法实施的质量。经济法所要达到的法的实效就是调整经济管理关系、维护公平竞争关系、协调组织性的流转与协作关系。
首先,实施法律需要有主动的因素,鼓励性规范和奖励措施给出了主动的依据。行政机关在执法的过程中,更多的是“消极的”主动,即去制裁违法行为。但是,行政机关在执法过程中若合理利用鼓励性规范和奖励措施来引导经济主体去实施被提倡的行为,执法活动的效果则会更加便利和高效;司法机关在审判的过程中,可以将符合经济法鼓励和奖励措施的行为进行阐述,并作为裁量依据,使当事人通过这种方式去规制自己的行为,朝着有利于社会利益的方向发展。行业自律组织的规章制度中也可以规定鼓励和奖励政策,以更好地促使行业内部的融合,维护公共利益。
其次,鼓励性规范和奖励措施给予积极守法者以获得法律上的奖励的权利。在市场经济的大背景下,人们的“理性”趋利行为是正当的,法律上的奖励是利益的一种,人们根据法律上的利益而去合理安排自己的经济行为,完成法律所肯定法律行为将获得正利益。笔者认为,当市场主体完成了法律上规定应当奖励的行为时,市场主体就获得了请求权力机关确认和满足其利益的需求,这种需求是正当的、合法的,是可以实现的。当法律上的奖励得以广泛地实现,人们积极守法就成为了社会的常态,即积极完成法律义务,同其他经济主体通力协作,保障国家的经济管理有序进行。这种常态,将引领我们的经济社会形态向更高层次发展,经济法的“促进法”价值也将实现。
(1 模版1
Different people have different views on_____.Some people think that_____,whereas others aegue that __________.
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that ___________.For one thing,I firmly believe that ___________.For another,_____________.Just think of________,who/which_______.
Taking all these factors into consideration,we may safely come to the conclusion that______.Only if_______can we _______,just as the saying goes,________________.
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In recent years there have been many reports of ________.It turns a new chapter of _________in China,and will have far-reaching effects in the forthcoming years.
The biggest benefit,in my eyes,is that_______.In addition,_______.Finally,______________.
Apart from the benefits mentioned above,we should also face several unavoidable challenges.In the first place,_____________.In the second place,________.What’s more,_______________.In summary,we should_______________.
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Nowadays more and more ______are commonly and widely used in everyday life,ranging from __________to_____________.
The popularity of _______will have a great influence on ______.On the one hand,_________.On the other hand,__________.
To conclude,____________are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may________.However,one point should be kept in mind that we should make sensible use,always being a master instead of slaving of them.
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