Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
教师在教学中,要借用表情、眼神、嗓音等非语言形式,让学生感受到信任和友爱。每个学生都有追求上进的愿望,但学生间总存在着个体差异,教师要主动了解他们的学习、兴趣、爱好等,有的放矢地进行教育,如在提问、练习中,可根据学生的能力差异分组在调查了解摸清底细的基础上分组由于每个学生在学习目的与动机、学习习惯与方法、智力水平与接受能力上存在着差异,如果任课教师在教学中墨守陈规,这就往往会适成许多学生“初一劲头十足”,“初二情绪低落”,“初三放弃不学”的局面。到了初三,英语教师面对众多英语水平参差不齐且对英语失去学习信心的学生,真是弃之不忍,教之无策。只好课上教好生,课下抓差生,加班加点,辛苦之极却事倍功半。既然学生的英语学习水平有明显的差异,那么只采用面对少数学习成绩好的学生的课堂教学模式显然是不符合面向全体学生的教学要求的。课堂教学是学生掌握教学内容的主渠道,如果把大多数中差学生排除在外,势必造成课上损失课下补的恶性循环。
多读书,为自己充电,补充能源。首先按照学校安排,根据自己的学科特点,认真阅读了《英语课程标准》。
翻开目录,这本书从课程性质到课程基本理念,再到课程设计思路,还有课程目标,分级标准,实施建议,更有一些与学科相关的附录内容,供我们学习和参考。从宏观到具体,很详细的为我们做了介绍。
总所周知,英语是全球使用最广泛的语言之一,是国际交往和科技、文化交流的重要工具。所以我国为提高整体国民素质,从义务教育阶段开设英语课。
根据书中所讲,义务教育阶段英语课程的总目标是:通过英语学习使学生形成初步的综合语言运用能力,促进心智发展,提高综合人文素养。书中多次提到“综合语言运用能力”,通过读这本书,我了解到,综合语言运用能力要建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等方面。
针对以上五个方面,我仔细反思了我的日常教学,我认为我在平时英语教学中,重视了对语言,技能的培养,即:听、说、读、写。在教学实际中,我们经常通过“我说英语,你说汉语”、“你说英语,我说汉语”以及“大小声”、“看口型”等游戏练习环节,锻炼和培养孩子的听、说能力。又经常开火车、排排读、列列读、个别读、齐读等方式培养学生的读的能力。写的方面除了通过抄写单词和句子之外,还有课前5分钟听写环节,锻炼孩子的书写能力。
对于语言知识方面,也在教学设计中,设计了许多环节渗透了语音、词汇、语法、功能、话题等内容。三四年级重点培养了学生的语音和词汇能力,四五年级开始涉及语法、功能和话题能力的培养。而对于文化意识、情感态度和学习策略,重视与实施较少,因为每周课时较短,因此受到了一定的限制。
因此,我们要在以后的教学过程中,注意协调这五个方面,除了继续重视语言技能和语言知识的培养,但是也要继续创新和强化,还要多加设计文化意识、情感态度、学习策略的环节,例如,可以通过让学生搜集一些关于外国文化的知识,对比国内的传统文化,这样既可以拓展学生的文化知识,以及对文化的理解,还可以激发他们的兴趣,发展合作交流讨论的能力,更可以培养爱国意识和拓宽国际视野。
还可以经常组织孩子交流学习英语的经验和方法,组织各种展示和表演机会,之后总结经验,这样做就能注意涉及培养学生的交际和认知、调控、分享能力。
就像书中给我们的教学建议,我们的课堂要为每个学生学习英语奠定基础;注重培养语言运用能力;加强学习策略指导,培养自主学习能力;培养跨文化交际意识;拓展学习途径。这就要求我们还要不断的提高专业水平,以适应英语课程标准对我们提出的要求。
不断的学习、不断的反思、不断的总结,才能创造不断的进步。我相信,只要做了,就能做到。
俗话说:“良好的开端是成功的一半”。上课也一样。教师的循循诱导,能让学生产生强烈的求知欲和好奇心,从而更积极主动地参加课堂教学,为整节课的成功作准备。可以采用以下几种导入:⒈歌曲导入。⒉设置悬念。当然导入很多,教学中不能单一的用一种导入,也许这种导入刚开始学生觉得很有劲,但天天用学生就会厌倦了。所以教师设计时要多多新颖,多多改变,尽量多样性。
爱玩都是学生的天性。教师在课前充分利用教材内容,精心设计一系列知识性、趣味性强的听、说、读、写教学游戏,使学生边玩游戏边学习,在丰富多彩的游戏中接受英语,喜欢英语,达到“玩与学”相结合的目的。在小学英语书上有许多单词要记住,这就得通过让学生在各种游戏中慢慢学习单词,而不是死记硬背。我们要掌握的单词以卡片、图片、头饰、动作等各种不同形式展现给学生,通过各种游戏进行渗透。
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