A tiger is a kind of catamount animal. It looks like a cat, but much bigger than a cat. A tiger is very ferocious and it eats mainly meat. It has yellow and black streaks all over its body and it looks very beautiful. Its tail is long and strong and it can hit its quarry dying.
Tigers live in the thick forests and small animals in the forests are tigers' food.
During the past years, many forests have been cut down and the living conditions of the tigers are becoming worse and worse. There are fewer tigers left in the world now. Tigers are the animals of the world, and they should have their own living spaces. We must do our best to protect the tigers and their living environment.
曾参与发明第一颗原子弹和第一台电子计算机的科学家万尼瓦尔.布什1945年就提出了记忆延伸的概念展望了关于信息检索,网络建设的可能前景。
泰勒的前任利克里德在1960年发表了题为《人机共生》的文章预言人们通过机器的交流将变得比人与人面对面的交流更为有效。
保罗.巴兰提出“分布式通信系统”理论,也就是网的概念的来源。
罗伯特.卡恩和温顿.瑟夫,他们将成为人类史上涉及面最广的一份文件TCP/IP协议的起草者。
克兰罗克,他怀揣着信息块也就是日后分组式交换的智慧的钻石。
蒂姆.伯纳斯.李发明了‘HTTP’(超文本传输协议)和‘HTML’(超文本标记语言)
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
《互联网时代》是中央电视台继《大国崛起》、《公司的力量》、《华尔街》等之后的又一部力作。继承以往央视记录大片的风格,该片从拍摄选景、拍摄角度到配音都显得气势磅礴;片头画面和背景音乐可以一下子吸引观众,把我们带入那个时代,恍若身临其境。
第一集主要是描述互联网技术的诞生过程,从蒸汽机的产生开始介绍人类文明的进程,回望人类历史长河中科学技术对人类社会发展的巨大推动,比照农耕时代、工业时代,互联网时代带给人类一种全新的生活方式。印象最深的是在介绍“L”、“O”的时候,反复强调了它们对互联网时代发展的重要性,“这是新时代的敲门声,这是新生命的呼吸和心跳。”“L”、“O”鉴证着电脑第一次实现互联,从此电脑不再是独立运作的机器。剧集中激情洋溢的文字,情感丰富的旁白,真的让我们从内而外的感受到它带来的冲击和洗礼。
互联网技术在短短二十年的商业化浪潮中,以前所未有的速度谱写着改变世界的产业传奇和创业人生。21世纪是一个数字化、网络化和知识经济的社会,信息产业将成为国力竞争的焦点,也是国家的战略性支柱产业,直接影响着国家在新世纪的生存和发展。以数字化和网络化为基础的电子商务将改变传统的贸易形态,为经济发展提供原动力,成为各国国民经济发展一个重要的增长点。
第五集描绘了新的时代背景下,群体通过智慧创造、新闻传播和自我价值实现等途径,实现互联网时代个人的崛起。有一句话非常经典:每一个我都使你变得更强大,每一个你都能够变得更有效。这是最好的解释,互联网的特色和内涵与所有电子通讯不一样的就在于每一个人都是创造者。这么伟大的一个时代,是大家共同创造的。全世界一起进入了这个时代,这是每个人,每个参与者,中国6亿网民,全世界共同创造的时代。
《互联网时代》是站在人类历史的高度和全球的视野,不仅仅是用中国人的视角去看,而是用一双客观而智慧的眼睛在看这个事实。镜头中那些互联网的缔造者们,我们走近他们,来到他们的办公室,看到了他们的机器,知道了当时的路由器是什么样的,第一台电脑又是什么样的。这是一部没有任何种族和国籍,没有各种各样政治偏见的纪录片,它以独特的视角表达着对互联网的先驱们的敬仰之情。
新事物的到来必然有利有弊,《互联网时代》这部片子在赞扬新时代给人类生活带来便利的同时,没有忘记警醒人们学会“控制”。新时代涌现的网络犯罪、网络暴力等网络安全问题,使管理和控制变得更加迫切、重要且复杂。此外,个人隐私的外泄和信息安全问题是伴随网络发展将长久存在的挑战,我们亟需建构新的隐私观念和保护制度。
中央电视台花费三年时间精心打造的《互联网时代》,是给全人类的礼物。采访痕迹遍布世界各地,每个镜头都经过精心的剪辑。剧集中采访了世界公认的互联网之父罗伯特·泰勒、拉里·罗伯茨、蒂姆-伯纳斯·李、温顿·瑟夫、罗伯特·卡恩,以及其他全球着名学者和业内人士;到访了斯坦福大学、哈佛大学、牛津大学等数十所大学和研究机构。对于观众来说,这部剧集不仅可以加深我们对互联网发展历史的了解,还可以引领我们学习各国文化。
《互联网时代》让我们越来越深刻地认识到,互联网正在给我们带来的不仅是一场技术革命,更是一场社会革命,它将引领整个人类进入一个全新的时代。今天我们的衣食住行、吃喝玩乐,我们工作生活中的方方面面,几乎都已经与互联网密不可分,甚至对我们年轻人来说,没有了互联网就几乎无法生存。
《互联网时代》是我们中国人对世界互联网的一个贡献。作为新时代的年轻人,我们要树立更高的目标,在享受互联网的同时,为世界互联网做出贡献。
最开始听说计算机是美国在冷战时期为了计算导弹轨道而发明的,而纪录片中提到,因为苏联发射了第一颗卫星“史伯尼克”,造成了美国的恐慌,才提出建立国防高级研究计划署简称‘阿帕’互联网之父罗伯特.泰勒就是前阿帕信息处理技术办公室主任,当时的计算机非常昂贵,而且每台计算机都使用不同的系统,者带来了巨大的浪费,罗伯特.泰勒说:“我想要做的就是实现这些系统的在线连接,那你在某个地区使用一台系统时还可使用位于另一个地区的其他系统,就像这台系统也是你的本地系统一样。”
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