1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Dear Jeff,
I'm Li Hua from Beijing I-Iongxing Middle School。 I'm very happy to learn that you're going to stay with my family while you're in Beijing。
While you are here, we'll provide you with a room of your own with a bed, a desk, a couple of chairs and a TV。 You'll also have your own bathroom。 Our school is quite close to our home。 So we could go to school together by bike。 At noon we'll eat at the school dining hall。 I'm sure you'll like the delicious Chinese food there,and enjoy talking with friends over lunch。 Classes in our school usually finish at 4 in the afternoon。 You can then join other students in playing ball games or swimming。 It'll be a lot of fun。
If you have any questions or requests, please let me know。 We'll try our best to make your stay here in Beijing a pleasant experience。
Best wishses !
Li Hua
给杰夫的一封信
亲爱的杰夫:
我叫李华,来自北京红星中学。听说你来北京将住在我家,我感到非常高兴。
当你来的时候,我们将为你提供一个属于你自己的房间,里面有一张床、一张桌子、一对椅子和一台电视机。你还有你自己的卫生间。我们的学校离我家不远,因此我们可以一块骑自行车去上学。中午我们可以在学校的餐厅里就餐。我相信你会喜欢那儿美味的中国食物。午饭期间你也可以和周围的朋友聊天。在我校,下午4点放学。放学后,你可以和同学们一块儿打球或去游泳,你将会玩得很开心。
如果你有一些问题和请求的话,请让我知道。我将尽力让你在北京度过一段愉快的时光。
祝万事如意!
李 华
Being a monitor is my dream, because I think it is so cool and I will have the power. So when I go into the middle school, I make my effort to be a monitor, luckily, all of my classmates trust me and elect me as their monitor. I am so happy, my little dream has come true, but I never expect that the monitor’s duty is so heavy. I can’t do what I want, every decision I make needs to consider so many things, if I go the wrong way, my classmates will have loss. As the saying that the more power, the more responsibility, I have pressure, but I learn many things, I become mature and can deal things well.
成为班长是我的梦想,因为我觉得班长很酷,我也会有权利。因此当我上初中了,我努力成为一名班长,幸运的,所有的同学都信任我,选我为他们的'班长。我很开心,我实现了小小的梦想,但是我没有预料到班长的责任是如此的重。我不能随心所欲,我做的每一个决定都要考虑到很多事情,如果我走错了路,我的同学也会遭受到损失。正如有句话说,能力越大,责任越大,我有压力,但是也学到了很多事情,我变得成熟,可以把事情处理好。
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