1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
大理,这个曾一度辉煌的古城,此时离我如此之近。触手可及的是冰冷的石块,默默闭眼,似有潮水般的***伐之声向我涌来。穿过门洞,再回首看身后雕梁画栋的城楼,朱漆已黯,斑驳沧桑,却用它宽厚的臂膀护起古城。
微雨中,你听,雨点敲打着青石板街,银匠手中的小凿子奏出简单的音符,妖娆高挑的白族妇女唱着嘹亮的山歌渐行渐远,将军府中悠悠的拨人心弦的叹息——细品悠远茶香清脆的马队铃声,穿过密集的树林,惊走低旋的鸟雀,越过千年的时空隙,最后停在耳边,叮——叮——我盯着手中的普洱出神。酱油汤般油润的色泽,近乎于无的飘渺香气,微抿一口,是发酵茶特有的陈香,茶汤粘稠,暖暖淌进胃部。喜欢它,或许是为了书卷味儿的茶香,又或许是平淡如水却温暖宜人的茶汤,还可能是为了一种“茶样人生”。
我深深喜爱着云南这个纯净质朴的地方,与大家分享简约的快乐。
有一次,我、妈妈、叔叔和阿姨准备去云南玩儿,那天我们中午就出发了,晚上很晚才到达。因为太晚,我们就把车停在路边的一个加油站,在车上过了一夜。
到了早上,我们就起程前往云南的大山包。我在去的路上看到了许多事物。过了城区,我看到了路边的岩壁;然后又看到了一个雕像,他立的很高很高,可是这是谁的雕像我就不知道了。呀!快到山脚了,现在我们要开始绕山了。绕呀绕,我们绕到了半山腰,我看到了下面的梯田。真美呀!我们又绕啊绕,越往上绕,天气就越来越冷。我还看到了雪,甚至还看到了一座山,上面结满了冰,这些冰像狼的獠牙一样,又长又尖。而且每根都非常晶莹。我们还是往上绕啊绕,终于到了山顶。我们把车停好了后,我们就到附近的黑颈鹤的栖息地去了。有些在水中嬉戏,有些在天空中飞,有些在吃一位姐姐撒在地上的玉米子,有些两个在一起玩耍。它们真活泼、可爱极了。我们拍了很多照片,然后就出去了。
我们出去了以后,我看到了许多马,所以我就告诉妈妈我想骑马,妈妈同意后,我们一行人就过去了,我们坐上了马,骑了一个来回。虽说还没骑够,可我已经很开心了。到了晚上,我们搭好了帐篷就睡觉了。早上起来,我看见了一道朝阳。这道朝阳不是红色的,而是彩色的。真奇妙。我们收拾好了后就准备前往下一个目的地了。
在这次大山包的旅行中,我看了很多,也学了很多,真的是玩的好开心啊?
云南山美、水美、人美、风景更美。云南最令人惊讶、有趣的就要算云南十八怪、三十六怪、八十一怪、一百单八怪等,这些怪里有:大象逛大街,老虎游郊外;堂屋中间划国界;四季鲜花开不败;火车没有汽车快,不通国内通过外;独树成林大家爱;姑娘叫老太;鸡蛋串着卖等等,多的数不清楚。接下来我就给大家介绍云南那里最普遍的“仙山”吧!
云南的“仙山”很多,很有名,因为它山底是炎热的夏天,山底长着弯弯的香蕉,甜甜的菠萝,黄黄的芒果等一些各种各样的热带水果,真是应有尽有,树木密密麻麻的,长长的枝条和大大的树叶把树林封得严严实实,挡住了人们的视线,遮住了碧蓝的天空,盖住了火红的太阳;半山腰是春天,山上的树木抽出了新的枝条,长着嫩绿的小叶子,树林里的小鸟们在枝头叽叽喳喳地唱动听的歌,小动物们在如地毯似的草地上开心、快乐的玩耍;山头是凉爽的秋天,遍地都是金黄的落叶,就像地上撒满了黄金一样,小动物都在忙着寻找食物过冬了;山顶是寒冷的冬天,洁白的小雪花从蔚蓝的天空中翩翩飞舞着,还有一点儿缺氧,小动物们不得不躲进各自的洞穴里,老虎捕到一只羚羊当野餐,黑熊只好舔着自己又肥又厚的大脚掌,小松鼠靠秋天收藏的松子过日子,有时还到枝头散散步,看看春天是否快要来临……这些“仙山”真是太神奇了!
云南真是一个好地方,云南一年四季很难分,都如春,一山有四季,十里不通天。云南在我心幕中就是:上有天堂,下有云南!美丽的云南是我有生以来去过景点最漂亮的一个!
我爱这有趣而美丽的云南!我每走一步就是一个奇怪、奇特的景点!
来到云南,最喜欢的是天上的云。有时是你记忆深处的棉花糖,柔柔软软,沁出香甜的气味;有时是极散极轻的柳絮,舒张自在,飘过头顶,如梦如幻。当然,云朵背后蔚蓝的天空,也是令人惊叹的。当柔和的蓝色光线进入瞳孔,仿佛把你的双眸也染成了蓝宝石色。
蓝天白云,像极了小镇的扎染艺术,渲染出一片朦胧的美。
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