一匹狼吃饱了,安逸地躺在草地上睡觉。另一匹狼气喘吁吁地从它身边经过。这使它十分惊奇。它问:“你在追赶羚羊吗?”
“没有!”
“有人在追赶你吗?”
“没有!”
“那你为什么没命地奔跑呢?”
那匹狼说:“狮子要来了。”
狮子要来?听了这话它放下心来,也禁不住笑出了声,“我以为什么了不起的事这么大惊小怪的,原来是狮子要来了,狮
子是我们的朋友,有什么可怕的呢?”
“听说狮子跑得很快!”
“跑得快又有什么了不起的呢,追一只羚羊用不了多大力气!”那匹狼还要说什么,它却不耐烦地摆了摆手,“行了行
了,你去跑你的,我要睡觉了。”那匹狼摇了摇头就走了,它却继续睡它的.大觉。
后来,狮子真的来了,只来了一只,然而由于它的到来,整个草原上的羚羊奔跑速度变得极快。这匹狼不再那么容易得到食物,不久便饿死了。死时它不住地怨恨,是狮子破坏了它宁静的生活。寓言故事
这则寓言所包含的深意,值得我们每个人细细咀嚼、细细品味。居安思危,永不懈怠,竞争永远是生活的真正主题,生活不可能时时处处都适应你,但是你却必须学会时时处处适应生活。也只有这样,你才能永远立于不败之地。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
《学会适应生活的百变》生活,听似很简单;说生活二字,的确非常简单。但真正的做起来,想存活在这个世上,却很难,除非你适应了这个生活中的一切。 首先,每个人必须有一个完整的家,让我们感受到家的温暖,才会有信心做任何一件事情。然而,在我7岁那年,我失去了父亲。后来,我做一些事情很沮丧,做事不乐观,遇到伤心事就会不由得大哭,也许是个人脾气问题,但我觉得是生活环境。 就在这时候,出现了我人生中第二个觉得重要的东西——友谊。友谊是什么?是伤心时一句亲切的问候,是沉默时一个幽默的笑话,是寒冷是的暖流。是孤独时的陪伴!这是我和两个最要好的朋友结交后总结的道理。 我们之后聊了很多,我把我的事情告诉她们,因为我受到环境的干扰,使我感到局促、压抑,再加上我天生内向,不爱说话,便难免形单影只。她们听了之后,伸出友谊之手,帮我从丧父之痛的阴影中走出来。 以后,我们就像学校里的“三人行”一样,总是在一起,而且不管什么事情都很爱笑,也很像“开心果”。 每个人必须拥有自己的事业,要为将来的梦想而奋斗,去努力,但是现在要好好学习。“书犹药也,善读之可以医愚”是我学习目标的,我读书就像吃药一样,如果不读书,你就像一个白痴,整天只知道吃喝睡,那样人生还有什么色彩?生活还有什么滋味? 冰心说过“读书可以,但是要读好书,多读书!”读书,能扩展自己的视野,增长自己的知识。别人有较好的语句,取长补短,摘抄过来,同时也要学会运用。 生活中最注重的是诚信;“人而无信,不知其可也。”诚信受到人们的注视不是很好。在2008年9月“三鹿”奶粉被污染,使许多小孩子不幸离世,多少无辜的生命啊!那些人让金钱蒙了眼睛吗?可怜天下父母亲呀!他们心里有多伤心呐! 让可怜的人们讨回一个公道,他们怎么能适应过来,这生活急速的变化?呜呼!今日欢呼诚信在,只缘妖雾又重来! 圣湖一如打翻的五味瓶,酸甜苦辣咸五味俱全,现在2009之季,又将接受怎样的挫折和疾病的危害?!现在全国甲型病毒蔓延的很厉害,也预防的积极,在这里,我给大家讲几条预防甲型病毒的忠告:1。长洗手。2。手决不碰脸……除非是吃东西和洗脸。3。每天用温盐水漱口两次。4。多喝温开水或热汤,功效和漱口一样,只是方向相反。随着热水和汤水被喝到胃里的病毒是无法生存,传染或发作的。 大家不用害怕,也不必惊慌,加入命运之神无情的关上了生命的大门,那么我们就点亮自己的心灯,用自己的信念和智慧之光,驱散眼前的黑暗,用勇敢之光熄灭疾病的灯光,用坚强之神去打败命运之神! 假如生活遇到坎坷,有什么不如意,就想一句俗语:人生不如意之时常一二,明媚之日常八九。用乐观向上的心境去面对生活,体验生活吧!
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
《学会适应》生活是不公平的,要去适应它——题记小时候,我们一直生活在父母的羽翼下,根本不需要考虑什么是烦恼,什么是忧愁;每天只需要开开心心的。进入学堂后,我们每天要学习,要做作业。起初,谁愿意?在学校,我们脑子里想的不单有学习,还有反思和苦恼。无数的大考小考如冰雹一般砸向我们,厚重的课本像小山似得堆积在我们面前,可我们终究要站在这山峰上,傲视群雄。可在这过程中,谁曾想过,这就是我们的生活;那谁又知道,在这生活中,我们已经适应,学会了默默承受。然而,当你不出校门时,你会发现,原来自以为良好的你,站在十字路口,人潮一波又一波,汽车一辆又一辆,而你是什么?你就像沙漠中的一粒沙子,可有可无,你的方向在哪儿?你从不知道,仿佛一夜时间,被上帝遗忘了!没有人会上前去安慰你,当你跌倒时,也不会有人伸手扶你。因为这就是生活,它并不容易,而你必须学会适应。初三:张梦悦
《学会适应》姚明曾说过,“你得去适应你可以拥有的东西。”学会适应,一种淡定从容的生活态度,一种处事不惊的精神。 五月临近夏天,也正热着,八年前有颗满怀希望的.种子被种在了一个花盆里,在它看来这个新的居所还是挺大的,在我看来也是如此。在我努力的施肥下,它也终于不辜负期望渐渐长大,我也慢慢发现小小的鱼缸已容不下这条大鱼。当这已成树苗的种子发现自己的脚步被阻挡后,它开始宣泄它的不满,自虐地枯掉了几片树叶希望博得同情给它新的安居之所。我有一些慌乱,怕它会继前人后步,不适于小花盆,枯老致死。它的确向着这个趋势发展。 看着这似临近死亡却又似撒气般还留点生机的光秃秃的树苗,我渐渐疏忽了它。过了秋天冬天,它仍摆着脸却还未死去,虽然它没再长出叶子,但看它倔强挺着的树干我就相信它还没死去。春天来了一会,无意中我看那棵树苗时,那是一点点绿吗?我迫不及待冲到跟前去看,真是一点点绿,在这骄傲的树枝上竟长出了这和春天一般绿的一点! 我不知在冬天寒冷的天气下,在营养缺乏的土壤中,在挤得不能再挤的居所里,它是如何挤出那点绿的。突然我一震,缓缓抬起花盆,竟有点吃力,它细小稚嫩的根已经联系上了地板,甚至可以看到它们搏斗后地板留下的细微裂痕。它原来早已适应了这小小的居所,它蓄积着营养为了能在春天傲然长出一点绿。它适应于此心却向着外面广阔世界,因为不屈意志,渴望长成参天大树。 当面对命运的选择让我们无法选择时,学会适应,为能在广阔天地绽放光芒积蓄力量。
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