无论是记叙一件事的多个侧面,还是通过几件不同的事来展现一个共同的主题,常常需要从多重内容和多个角度来写人叙事,表现人物和主题,这多重内容和多个角度之间构成并列关系,使文章有了层次感和厚重感,这就是最常见的并列式结构。如果是写一个人物,我们应该围绕人物的性格选择细节。人物性格是复杂的,往往有着多个侧面,那么,要展现一个人复杂的性格,就应该从两个或者两个以上的侧面去展现,以使人物形象更加丰满而立体。如《项链》中的玛蒂尔德,既有虚荣心极强的一面,也有自尊自爱的一面,作者通过借项链和丢失项链之后的两方面细节对比展开,展现出玛蒂尔德可恨可鄙又可敬可爱的两个侧面,使得人物立体丰满,栩栩如生。如果记叙文写作中需要围绕一个主题去叙述事实,我们依然可以采用这一章法,即用两个或两个以上不同方面的实例加以表现,通过小和大,名人和普通人,文艺界和体育界,物质和精神等等不同的方面的人物或事例,展现相同的主题或者主题的不同深度。如以“丰收”为主题的一篇作文,一位同学就选择了两位不同的人的.事例加以展现,一是选取了自己的舅舅因种植的西瓜又大又好而获得了“瓜王”的称号和后光荣回村的情节,展现新时代的农民物质上的丰收。接着又用自己在教师节那一天去看望老师,老师书房中满满一面墙上贴满了学生发来的贺卡,展现了辛勤耕耘的教师深受学生爱戴,从而获得精神上的丰收。这样从物质和精神两个层面共同展现出“丰收”的意义,给人深刻的启迪。运用并列式结构需要注意:并列的几个内容应各自独立,但又紧紧围绕着一个中心;并列的各个部分必须是平行的,注意不要出现交叉或从属。
Dear Dad,
Today is fathers day, for so many years Ive been seekig a way to express my heartfelt thanks for all you have done for me. Here comes it!
Thank you for always being there sharing my life when I need you most. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I never feel alone and vulnerable, because you will keep me on the right path. Im blessed to have you.
Thank you for offering me education and teaching me how to be a man. You always inspire me not by words, but by what you have done! Your efforts in the work, your loyalty to your friends, your responsibility for the family and your persistence in the life have already set me good examples in my own life.
Thank you for always appreciating my work, no matter how tiny it is! You have made me realize that its capacity not scores that really counts.
Dad, I love you and I will love you forever!
Yours beloved,
Li Ming
记叙文的对照式结构其实可以看作是并列结构的一种特例,只因为并列的事例内容上是真与假、好与坏、美与丑、善与恶、公与私等对立的两方作对比,故称为对照式结构。如《守财奴》一课中,巴尔扎克就将葛朗台对金钱的执着和种种为争夺金钱的种种丑态和女儿欧也妮对金钱的无所谓,对父亲的真爱鲜明对比,突出葛朗台被金钱腐蚀的丑恶灵魂,以及欧也妮灵魂的美好和崇高。记叙文中的对照结构应该特别注意不要简单地通过评价直接对比,而要在字里行间要渗透作者的褒贬、爱憎之情,让事实说话。这几种技法,既是分别独立的,又可以融为一体,如总分中,分的内容可以是并列式,也可以是对照式,而无论是并列还是对照,在一篇文章中都只能围绕一个中心展开。所以不要可以追求形式,还是要集中展现人物性格以及文章主旨。
Dear Dad,
Long time no see, I do miss you. Well, let me tell you something about my life here.To tell the truth, i live a normal life just as anywhere i can live.(我过着一个在任何地方都普通的生活 My life is revolved on work and work.(我的生活除了学习还是学习Frankly,i feel tired sometimes(老实说,我有时候觉得很累.But i see, studying is the whole life to students like me.(但是我知道,学习是像我这样的学生的全部 So no matter how difficult, i will do my utmost .所以不管多艰难,我都会尽自己最大的努力。
Best wishes for you .
Father's Day
Yesterday was Father's Day. I had planned to give my father a present. But I didn't remember it until in the morning.It was too late to post a card to him. So I decided to buy something. When I was in the department store. I found it was not easy for me to choose something right for him. Suddenly I
got an idea. I ran home and opened my computer. I made a beautiful card and mailed him through the Internet. then I began to make supper. When father came home, he was very glad to find a big meal on the table. then I asked him to check his e-mail. He was amazed to find a beautiful card in his e-mail-box.
What a wonderful surprise!
When I was a freshman in college I watched the film Gua Sha Treatment for the first time, now I am a junior student and I come back to review the movie from a multicultural aspect, I have many different feelings after watching the film again.
At the beginning of the film, XuDatong is given an award and later he delivers a speech. What makes me impressed most is in his speech he says “one day I will become one of you, a truly successful American, today this award proved that America is a true land of opportunity and I am the living proof of that.” At that moment Xu thinks he has realized his American Dream totally with his lovingly wife and adorable son. However, I think it is ironical that to make a speech like that and I assume it is made on purpose to hind a clue for the story's development. How many non—American people have such a beautiful American dream? One of my classmate studies in American now and before he went aboard he told me his American dream is he can stand at the top of the New York. To be honest, I also dream that one day I can get the Green Card living there happily and successfully maybe working at the Wall Street. When Xu gets the award he thinks he entirely melted in the melting pot neglecting the multicultural obstruct, later the plot goes against the way he thinks. And later Quinlan asked Xu'why you be the scapegoat of your father?' Xu answers 'because he is Chinese.' Then maybe Xu knows that there is always a wide gap between Chinese and American cultures.
The second scene is Xu hit his son Denis because Denis hit the son of xu's boss, at the middle of the film xu tells his boss that he hit his own son is only to show his respect to his boss John Quinlan, that time Quinlan feels puzzled “what a Chinese logic”,yes, American can never understand such a logic full of Chinese characteristic, because they respect everyone including the children, they won't beat a child to please the boss, and there is no such a conception of degree between employee and employer, they feel everyone is equal, which is quite different from china.
Connected to the second scene, the third difference I want to analyze is the care for the children. In America, people pay more attention to the right of children which can be seen from the law—leaving children alone at home is illegal, while in China it is so common that almost everyone may experience such loneliness. And Children Welfare Agency does work in America which shows the importance Americans attach to children's right. What's more, I remember a line 'No one won the case, especially the child.' In my opinion, it also manifests the universal concern from the American public to the children.
The fourth aspect is following the procedure, in the film, more than there times, the people focus on the rule, the law, the procedure. At the Christmas Eve Xu wants to return back to his home pretending as a Santa Claus, what a pity, the security recognizes him and persuades 'you are always a good tenement, never causes troubles for me.' And another scene is at the end of the film , the judge says 'I have to follow the procedure.' However, in China people always have to ask for a favor to do something, and later you have to pay back the favor,for myself, I prefer the American style, strict to the procedure.
The fifth and the last point is the humors, Quinlan says 'you can't fall, your health security is the company paid.' 'Datong, welcome home, maybe next time, you can come from the front door.' 'dady, why you come from the window' ' because we don't have a chimney.' I really adore this distinguished American humor, especially in dangerous situations, which is quite rare in China.
That's my whole reaction to Gua Sha Treatment.
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