2024中考英语作文必背基础【一】
分层又分为隐形分层和显性分层。王先荣提出隐形分层是以自然班为单位，综和考虑学生原有基础、智力特点、兴趣爱好、学习潜力等具体情况，“暗中”把相当水平的、某些方而相类似的学生归结为一个“层次”，并分配在不同的组内。显性分层教学是根据学生的英语知识基础、智力水平、学习能力、兴趣特点等因素，将其分成不同的教学班级，从而打破专业班级的界限，更加有针对性的进行教学活动。以期在学生接受能力的基础上，满足不同学生的需求。隐性分层时，教师不向学生公布分层标准和结果，只是在小组活动、座位排定等活动中对学生进行特定的安排，从而实现针对性的分层教学。显性分层操作相对简便，分层标准明确，考核方法简便，但是如果操作不当会引起部分学生的心理负担，影响到分层的效果，达不到分层的初衷；隐性分层能够很好的满足学生的心理需求，但是分层标准不透明，教学内容和教学方法的应用受到限制，同时教师在操作过程中容易受到个人主观因素的影响。
三、高职英
2024中考英语作文必背基础【二】
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者，使人到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The other day， I was driving along the street。 Suddenly， a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella， for it was raining hard。 On the way， he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her， but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\'，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer holidays， I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework， reading an English novel， watching TV and doing some housework， I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach， the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while， a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red， not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea， just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen， and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door， I asked， "Who?" No reply。 After a while， I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It＇s you。" I said， quite released。
2024中考英语作文必背基础【三】
2004年雅典奥运会前被寄予夺金厚望的中国男子体操世界冠军李小鹏在男子单项比赛中发挥失常，仅获得一枚双杠铜牌。而在2003年世界体操锦标赛时，他却获得了这两个项目的冠军，而且也是2000年悉尼奥运会的双杠金牌得主。由此我们不能说他没有夺金的实力，那么是什么原因导致他的这次“失误”呢?事实上，他在赛后接受采访时表示，这次发挥失常的主要原因是某些特殊情况给自己带来了较大的压力，心情紧张。李小鹏的这种情况就是我们所要说的“詹森效应”。
詹森效应主要起源于有一名叫詹森的运动员，这名运动员平时训练有素，实力雄厚，但在体育赛场上却连连失利，让自己和他人失望。不难看出这主要是压力过大，过度紧张所致。由此人们把这种平时表现良好，但由于缺乏应有的心理素质而导致正式比赛失败的现象称为詹森效应。
2024中考英语作文必背基础【四】
1。 头绪分明，脉络清楚
写好记叙文，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”，但动笔之前，围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心，详略得当
在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。要突出重点，详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。如：
One night a man came to our house and told me， "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family， I saw the faces of those little children disfigured （破坏外貌） by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces， just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two， and went out， carrying half the rice。 When she came back， I asked her， "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer， "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言，准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动，其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文：
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money， but they didn＇t take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后：
The other day， five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time， he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home， he started and crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy， why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom， I go home。" said the boy， still crying。
"Don＇t worry， we＇ll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy＇s house。 With the help of a policeman， they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound， she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully， she offered them some money， saying it was a way to express her thanks， but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
2024中考英语作文必背基础【五】
第一，摒弃心中的非理性观念。
许多带有焦虑、紧张的人经常对自己或对别人说：“我必须不惜一切代价保证成功。”“如果我失败了，我就会没有价值，别人就会看不起我，我会很没面子。”“如果发挥的不好，我的前程算是毁了。”这些话纵然能增强我们奋进的决心，但也容易引起焦虑，不利于正常水平的发挥。要想避免詹森效应，在平时就应当注意矫正这些不正确的想法，养成以平常之心对待生活中的“竞赛”的良好习惯，减少紧张情绪，更好地发挥出自己的水平。
第二，要平心静气地走出狭隘的患得患失的阴影。
不要总是去贪求成功，而是只求正常地发挥自己的水平。人生的“赛场”是高层次水平的较量，同时也往往是心理素质的较量，“狭路相逢勇者胜”，只要树立自信心，一份耕耘必定有一份收获。最终定会交付人生满意的“答卷”。
