(1简述原文有关内容。如所读书、文的篇名、作者、写作年代,以及原书或原文的内容概要。写这部分内容是为了交代感想从何而来,并为后文的议论作好铺垫。这部分一定要突出一个“简”字,决不能大段大段地叙述所读书、文的具体内容,而是要简述与感想有直接关系的部分,略去与感想无关的东西。
(2亮明基本观点。选择感受最深的一点,用一个简洁的句子明确表述出来。这样的句子可称为“观点句”。这个观点句表述的,就是这篇文章的中心论点。“观点句”在文中的位置是可以灵活的,可以在篇首,也可以在篇末或篇中。初学写作的同学,最好采用开门见山的方法,把观点写在篇首。(3围绕基本内容证明观点。这一部分要注意结合文章具体内容,不能空洞,要有具体的例子。这就要求在写读后感之前,你就要对内容非常地熟悉,知道那些材料能为你的观点服务。(4围绕基本观点联系实际。一篇好的读后感应当有时代气息,有真情实感。要做到这一点,必须善于联系实际。这“实际”可以是个人的思想、言行、经历,也可以是某种社会现象。联系实际时也应当注意紧紧围绕基本观点,为观点服务,而不能盲目联系、前后脱节。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
读《西游记》有感
儿时的经典读物——《西游记》是我读的第一本书。它那扣人心弦的故事情节,以及生动的人物刻画,无不吸引着我。孙悟空勇敢、忠诚、威力无穷,也使我对他充满了仰慕之情,他也成为了我儿时的偶像。
不过如今,随着知识阅历的增长,当我重新诵读这部经典时,又有了些新的想法与疑问。
沙僧只不过打碎琉璃盏,就要下界受罚,而神仙的坐骑纷纷扰乱人间,竟还可以回到仙界,为什么?难道就因为它们都有个足够大的“后台”?这说明了什么?
我想,一方面是体现了佛家道义,佛家的法力无边、大慈大悲。另一方面,也正是讽刺了当时政府的风气!讽刺了当时的官僚制度。唐僧好似皇帝,孙悟空是掌政大臣,一人之下,万人之上,即使有再大的能力,也只能就是这个样子了,没有“升职”的空间。而那些作恶的坐骑们好似社会的恶霸,因为身后有强大的后台,所以就可以无恶不作,即使是被发现了其所作所为,照样可以活得很舒坦。我想作者正是借助这样的比喻,表现了自己对社会的不满。
再谈谈悟空的成长史吧,一开始是从石头里蹦出来的,享天地之精华,后来又被高人收为弟子,学习法术,再到后来王母娘娘的一路扶持,护送唐僧是观音的教诲、众仙家的帮助……这一切好像都是机缘巧合,促使悟空成为一名英勇、法理高强的神猴。我想,假如其中这任意一环出了差错,孙悟空也必然不会像今天这样神气。这也正是作者想表达的意思吧我想。在当时的社会背景下,如果没有“高人”扶持,即使再有才,天赋再高,到最后也只不过是归隐山林,过上山水田园般的生活,为后人留下一些经典诗作罢了,显出自己的豁达。 另外,基本每次打败敌人,很少靠孙悟空的单打独斗,更多的是
请求仙家们、观音前来相助。难道这只是想说明佛家的伟大么?只是想说明团结就是力量?显然不是的。我想,作者更想表达的是当时社会的状态,要想办大事,就必须得有上层阶级的社会关系,否则门都没有!
《西游记》这部经典,看似只是对故事、人物的描写,却隐含了如此深刻的社会意义,或许我的理解有所偏差,但我相信,这部经典还有更多值得我们所挖掘、学习的东西。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
我的家乡是“浪漫之都”大连,这里气候宜人,风景秀丽,是一个美丽的海滨城市。在我的家乡有绿草如茵的广场,新鲜刺激的游乐场,一望无际的大海,景色宜人的公园……
我最喜欢的就是劳动公园,它是个美丽的公园,来到公园就会被那令人陶醉的荷花池吸引住的。荷花池中有一个美丽漂亮的小岛,岛上有一个小亭,这个小亭的顶部非常漂亮,它的四个角向四周翘起就像雄鹰要展翅飞翔。大人在亭下乘凉,老爷爷在亭里下象棋,小朋友们在亭下嬉戏玩耍。夏天荷花开了,荷叶你挤我碰密密麻麻的。有的像翠绿色的.摇篮,有的像一个绿色的小操场,小水珠成了一个个顽皮的孩童,一阵微风吹过来荷叶左摇右晃,小水珠从这边滑到那边,像小朋友们在操场上奔跑。荷花绽开那纯净的笑脸。红的似火,粉的像霞,白得如雪,美丽极了。看看这一朵荷花很美,那一朵也很美,直让人眼花缭乱。荷花池周围树木参天,空气非常新鲜。
我的家乡还有许多美丽的地方,数也数不清,有圣亚海洋世界,有亚洲最大的星海广场,有著名的日俄监狱,有可媲美迪斯尼乐园的发现王国,让你流连忘返。欢迎你来我美丽的家乡做客。
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