商务英语书信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易时所使用的通信,英语书信格式与称谓的差异。在美国,常用Business writing,它包括书信、电报、电话、电传、报告书、明信片等。英语和美语在书信体例方面存在着一定的差异,比如信头和称呼、书信格式、遣词、结尾客套语等均有所不同。
英国书信保守,美国书信有活力。
英国书信较为保守,许多英国人喜欢用老式书信体,用词较为正式刻板,而美国书信语言非常生气、有活力,格式也较为简便。因此当我们写信的对象是英国或其旧殖民地国家时,要使用标准式英语Queens English;如果写信的对象是美国或美国势力范围的地区时,就要用美国英语。当然,英国式的语言文化近年来也有变化,但总体来说,两者间的差异是很明显的。
Dear my friend,
I am here writing to your to express my gratitude to you for congratulation.
You mentioned how to improve the translation ability. Now I would like to offer you some suggestions.
The most important factor to be considered is that you must grasp a large.bank of vocabulary, which is the foundation for translation. Secondly, you can try to practice translation everyday. After your translation, you can compare your translation with the given answer. Last but not the least, you must pay very close attention to the difference between the two languages. Differences between laguges must be considered when you are translating.
I am looking forward to meeting you in the near future. Then, we can have a talk face to face. I sincerely hope that my suggestions can be constructive to you.
Truly yours
无论是写人还是叙事,我们都需要围绕一个中心展开,这中心就是记叙文要展现的核心,将核心内容放在记叙文的开头,开门见山点明文章的中心,是总起;而放在写人叙事的结尾处加以强调,是总括。总分式便因此可以分为三种:总分、分总、总分总。无论使用哪一种形式,都应注意,分总之间必须有紧密的内在联系,分述部分要围绕总述的中心进行,总述部分应是分述的总纲或水到渠成的总结。
Dear Cindy
There are many rules at my home,but I like these rules.Because they are good for me.Every morning I have to get up at half past six.And I must do exercise before breakfast.Then I go to school.At5:40pm,I get home.I cant play with my friends becauseI must do my homework first.I can watch TV,but I must finish my homework.and I have to go to bed before 9:30om.Im busy.but very happy.
Yours Zhao Liang
Dear Sir,
I was very interested in your advertisement in todays edition of The Evening Post and I should like to apply to be a member of the Amazon Expedition team.
I am twenty-three years old and have an honors degree in Botany from Bath University. Since leaving university I have been working in a research laboratory but my contract comes to an end in six weeks. I would particularly like to join the expedition for the opportunity it would give me to study the plant life of the area.
I enjoy several outdoor activities including rowing and rock climbing and I consider myself to be both fit and healthy enough to undertake such an expedition.
If you would like me to attend an interview, I would be able to come at any time convenient to you, (J1 my employers have agreed to give me time off for the purpose.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Lily Ma
Dear professor Jackson:
I am indeed very sorry that I missed the examination you gave on Moby-Dick last Wednesday. I feel badly about it and want you to know what happened.
On my way to class that day,I had a flat tire,and I had to go with the mechanic when he repaired it. It took me more than one hour to get it done. A copy of the bill is enclosed.
I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. I would appreciate your allowing me to take a make up examination. I will come to your office during your office hour on Monday to discuss this possibility with you. Once again,Im sorry fro any inconvenience caused.
Sincerely yours.
Dear David,
I'm glad you'll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now. It's difficult for you because it's quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. It's also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. I'm sure you'll learn Chinese well.
Hope to see you soon in Beijing.
Yours,
Wang Ming
读书笔记的种类
1、符号式笔记我们读书的时候,把书中重要的、或者有疑问的地方,用各种符号(例如直线、曲线、括弧、三角、问号……等等勾划出来,或在书的空白处写上批语,这种笔记,就是符号式笔记。符号式笔记使读过的书上的重点问题、疑难问题一目了然,这就为提纲笔记、摘录笔记等其它形式的笔记作好了准备。批语可以是对书中一段内容的概括,也可以是心得体会,或者是对书中某一个问题没有看懂所表示的疑问等。做符号式笔记需要注意以下几点:
(1所读的书必须是自己的。图书馆的或借别人的图书,不应该乱批乱画。
(2每一种符号所代表的意思,自己应该固定下来,不要随意改动。比如,用直线表示重要的内容,用“…”表示精采的句子或优美的词汇,用“ ”表示应当特别注意的地方,用“?”表示尚未弄懂的问题等,以后看书,就都要按自己的这个规定去使用这些符号。
(3符号不能作得过多。如果整页整页都围上圈,划上线,全都成了重点,就等于没有了重点,符号也就失去了它的意义。
(4要清楚整齐。不要把书弄得很脏,涂划得连原文都看不清楚了。以读高尔基的《海燕》为例:海燕在茫茫的大海上,狂风卷着乌云。在乌云和大海之间,海燕像黑色的闪电,在高傲地飞翔。一会儿翅膀碰着波浪,一会儿箭一般直冲向乌云,它叫喊着——就在这鸟儿勇敢的叫喊声里,乌云听出了欢乐。在这叫喊声里——充满着对暴风雨的渴望!在这叫喊声里,乌云听出了愤怒的力量,热情的火焰和胜利的信心?海鸥在暴风雨来临之前***着,——***着,它们在大海上飞窜,想把自己对暴风雨的恐惧掩藏到大海深处。
2、摘录式笔记摘录式笔记就是把我们从书上、报上看到的一些精辟的,富有哲理的,对我们很有启发的内容抄写下来。这种方法看起来比较费事,其实是一种省时省力积累知识的好办法。摘抄可以加深理解和记忆,日后查找起来,面对茫茫的书海,你就能体会到作摘录笔记的优点了。作摘录笔记时要注意以下几个问题:
(1要有选择地抄录。把文中对我们最有用、最有启发的内容抄下来,每条抄录笔记应当“少而精”。“少”指字数较少,“精”指内容把握要点。
(2要忠实原文。书里有段话,我们觉得挺好,想把它抄下来。抄的`时候,又觉得某个词用得别扭,干脆另换一个词代替,这样不行。既然是摘录,作者怎样写,我们就应怎样抄,不但词句不能改动,就连标点符号也不能改动。一段话中,前后和中间不需要摘录的文字,可以用省略号表示。
(3要注明出处。每条材料都要注明是从哪本书里第几页抄录的,作者是谁。如果是在报纸、杂志上抄录的,就要把报纸、杂志的名称、日期写上。还要注明文章的标题和作者。这样便于以后使用时查对。
3、剪贴式笔记在自己订阅的报纸、杂志上看到好的文章或者其它有用的资料及时剪下来,经过整理就是剪贴式笔记。这种方法收集材料快,也很简便。剪贴式笔记需要注意以下几点:
(1进行剪贴式笔记时要按不同的内容分类。可以准备几个用来贴剪报的本子,或者把一个本子分成几个部分,把语文知识、历史知识、自然常识等内容分别贴进去。
(2每一条剪贴的内容要注明出处、时间。即剪自哪一种杂志或报纸,哪一年哪一期等。
(3短小的剪贴笔记也可以作为读书卡片的内容。
4、感想式笔记读完一本好书或一篇好的文章,将自己的感想和体会写出来,这种读书笔记就是感想式笔记,也叫读后感。这种读书笔
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.