青海湖里的水非常蓝,就像蓝天映在湖水里一样。远远望去,蓝天和湖水交融在一起,分不清哪里是蓝天,哪里是湖水。我和妹妹一看到湖水,就兴奋的向湖边跑去,扑通一下跳进了水里,湖水有点凉,可是我和妹妹还是兴奋的玩了起来。青海湖的旁边有大片大片的油菜花,油菜花地里有大风车的建筑,我们在那里拍照玩耍。
晚上,爸爸妈妈告诉我明天要早起,去湖边看日出。
第二天早上五点钟,爸爸就喊我起床,我们一起来到湖边,这时天还没亮,来湖边观看日出的.人越来越多。向东望去,天边慢慢的出现淡红色的霞光,这时,天边露出了半个圆圆的小火球,它一点一点的往上升,我紧紧的盯着东方,丝毫不敢放松,因为我知道太阳马上就要升起来了。过了两三分钟,半个小火球慢慢变成了一个大火球,从湖面上升了起来,湖水被阳光照亮了。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
今天早晨九点半,我们乘坐的列车来到了美丽壮观的西宁。
刚下火车,我具有一个感觉:凉!简直可以用冷来形容,凉风一吹,我浑身都起鸡皮疙瘩,冷得我直打哆嗦。这和河南相比简直是两个季节。我立刻向妈妈要了几件衣服,套了上去。啊,好多了。这时我才有心情向四周观看,西宁的楼房林立,比我们濮阳的楼房高多了,连原来在青海生活了十几年的妈妈都几乎认不出了,妈妈说:将近二十年没回来,变化可真大呀!我和爸爸更是感慨万分,因为我们两人是第一次来西宁。贝贝哥哥就在我们感慨的时候出现了,带我们来到了舅舅的车上,舅舅一边开车,一边给我们讲周围的景色,我感觉我的眼睛和耳朵都不够用了,很快就来到了舅舅家的小区——龙源叠翠小区。啊!小区可真漂亮,这么多的高楼,我觉得生活在西宁到人一定很幸福、很快乐。到了贝贝哥哥家,啊,他家的房子可真大呀,要是开生日派对肯定很壮观。
下午,我们去逛商场和超市,这里的商场也很大,货物琳琅满目、应有尽有,让人眼花缭乱,我们给贝贝哥哥买了一身运动服,还选购了一些别的物品。
今天,西宁给我的感觉可真好呀!
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
这周我们一家人去了青海湖旅游。
周一的大早爸爸妈妈收拾好行李就出发了,爸爸开车我和妈妈坐在后面观看一路的景色,不知过了多久已经到了下午,我们找了酒店住下,爸爸说这里是西宁。
第二天一早,我们早早开车来到了青海湖边,这里的景色把我们都吸引住了,满山遍野的油菜花金黄金黄的一眼望不到边真美丽,我看见一群藏族小朋友,他们的服装很特别看上去也很复杂,每个小朋友的小脸蛋都晒得红彤彤的,听爸爸说青海湖这里的天气早晚温差大而且紫外线特别的强所以藏族小朋友的小脸蛋都是红彤彤的。
我们正在和小朋友照相的时候,这时又有一个藏族小妹妹向我走来手里还抱着小小的小绵羊,我说:“好可爱的小羊呀,能不能让我也抱一下?”开始她听不懂我在说什么,是她的哥哥走过来说:“当然可以。”我高兴的抱着小羊羔急忙让妈妈给我拍照,别说有多兴奋了,小羊羔在我的怀里非常听话,我实在是舍不得把它还给藏族小妹妹。
骑马是我最喜欢的了,有很多的马群在吃草呢,爸爸带我走到一匹小白马的身边,准备让我骑这匹马。藏族的叔叔把我抱上马背说:“小朋友你会害怕吗?”我得意洋洋的回答说:“当然不会害怕啦,因为我是骑马高手。”叔叔笑着说:“那太好了!”说完我骑着小白马在草原上转了好几圈呢!
青海湖不但景美,那里的人更美,小朋友热情好客,还有很多我喜欢的马儿,明年的暑假我还会来的!
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
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