在这个句子中,我们先选择advertisements,influences, people这三个词汇,然后开始准备扩句。
太多专业数据会给人捏造的痕迹,缺乏真实性。考官会质疑数据的出处。
例:A survey indicates that the number of people smoking has increased to as high as 65 percent in China.(一项调查显示。。。)
"65%"让文章看起来有些假,有捏造的嫌疑。"A survey"又不够具有代表性。
一、何为“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”。
很多雅思写作考题的提问方式都是“Do you agree or disagree?”或者“To what extent do you agree or disagree?”。很多刚刚接触雅思的学生甚至是老师认为对于这种提问方式无非就是yes或no两种答案,所以文章的观点也就只能是同意或者不同意了。其实,对于这类提问,也可以采用“折衷”的观点,即“partly agree,partly disagree”(部分同意,部分不同意)。但是前提是一定要在文章中从支持和反对的两方面都阐述一些理由,而且最好再提出一种“折衷”方案。例如,考题问“现在很多人用动物做试验,你同意吗?”,考生可以在文中分别讨论支持和反对动物试验的理由,最后提出动物试验既有好处也有坏处,这就是一种“折衷”观点。除此之外,作者还提出了是否能用动物来做试验主要是取决于试验是否能给人类生活带来显著的改善(比如帮助人类发明治疗Aids的药物),这就属于“折衷”方案。
二、“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”的几种形式。
那么如何提出“折衷观点”呢?“折衷方案”又有哪几种形式呢?下面笔者将对常见的几种安排折衷观点和折衷方案的'形式,结合相应的考题进行总结。
(1) 兴利除弊
“兴利除弊”应该是一种比较简单的折衷方案,在优缺点类文章中特别常用。即在分析完考题所涉及事物的优缺点之后,在结尾段提出“优缺点都有,我们要兴利除弊”这样的折衷方案。例如以下考题:
The advantages brought by the spread of English as a “global language” will outweigh the disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?
在讨论完英语作为全球性语言的利与弊之后,结尾段可以这样提出折衷观点:
To sum up, it is difficult to tell whether or not the advantages outweigh the disadvantages regarding the spread of English as a global language. What we may have to consider is how to accept this trend as positive while at the same time staying away from its drawbacks.
(2) 平衡发展
很多考题需要考生讨论两种观点,通常会有“discuss both views and give your own opinion”这样的提问要求。很多情况下,文中说到的两种观点表面上看来是完全相反,但其实并不矛盾,可以用“平衡发展”的思路来提出观点。例如考题:
Some people think that cultural traditions may be destroyed when they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others believe it is the only way to save these traditions. Discuss on both sides and give your opinion.
在讨论完发展旅游的必要性和保护文化传统的重要性之后,结尾段可以这样提出折衷方案:
We should find the right balance between tourism development and cultural protection and I believe the government has a very important role to play here. In my own country, for example, many tourist cities have made effective development plans to successfully attract large numbers of visitors while still preserving their distinct cultural traditions.
(3) 取决于……
有时在讨论完A和B两种观点以后,可以提出类似于“同意A还是B要取决于……”这样的折衷观点,前文讲到的动物试验是否可以进行取决于试验的性质就是属于这样的方案。再比如下面这个例子:
Some people think that the animals should be treated as pets; others think that animals are sources of food and clothing. What is your opinion?
在讨论完动物当宠物养的理由和动物当食物吃的理由之后,结尾段可以这样提出观点:
From my point of view, there is no absolute answer as to whether animals should be treated like pets or as sources of food and clothes. It largely depends on what kinds of animals they are. But what remains undoubted is that we should treat animals with a humane attitude and bear in mind that they are important in preserving nature’s ecological equilibrium.
(4) 解决方法
很多双边讨论型文章中所讨论的两种观点其实是可以通过某种方案来“化解矛盾”的,例如这道考题:
In many countries, good schools and medical facilities are available only in cities. Some people think new teachers and doctors should wok in rural areas for a few years, but others think everyone should be free to choose where they work. Discuss and give your own opinion.
在讨论完“支边”的利(缩小城乡差距)与弊(年轻人丧失自由)之后,我们可以提出这样一种解决方案:
The best solution, therefore, is not to order, but to encourage. We should instill a sense of responsibility in young people and give more incentives to those who are willing to work in difficult areas, so that we can address the problem of urban-rural disparity while respecting whatever decisions new teachers or doctors have made.
从前,有只凶恶的鳄鱼,它力大无比,尾巴一扫,就可以打倒一只羚羊。
鳄鱼虽然凶猛,但牙齿上经常塞满残渣,时间一久,就长了蛀牙,痛得它爬上岸张大嘴才能稍微缓解。
有一天,来了一只燕千鸟,它看见鳄鱼那么痛苦,顾不得什么,叫了一声:“鳄鱼,我帮你剔牙。”就飞入鳄鱼的口中,帮鳄鱼清理牙上的残渣。不一会儿,清理好了,它就飞了出来,鳄鱼很感激它,就和它成了好朋友。以后,鳄鱼牙痛了,就爬到岸上张开大嘴,燕千鸟就帮它剔牙。开始, 它们相处很友好,可是后来,鳄鱼起了贪念,它想等下次燕千鸟为它清理完残渣时一口吃掉燕千鸟。一次,鳄鱼的牙又疼了,它张开大嘴爬到岸上,燕千鸟见了,毫不犹豫的飞进鳄鱼嘴里,帮它清理残渣,不一会儿,清理好了,鳄鱼立刻咬下去,燕千鸟灵敏的逃了出去,并再也不为鳄鱼清理牙齿。鳄鱼没办法,想叫其他的燕千鸟为它剔牙,可那只死里逃生的燕千鸟已经告知了其他的燕千鸟,所有燕千鸟只为其他鳄鱼剔牙,没有一只燕千鸟为那条鳄鱼剔牙。后来,因为鳄鱼的牙齿对燕千鸟有了依赖性,再也无法忍受疼痛而死了。
人常常与别人合作,这是对的,但不能利用别人。
在写作时我们同样需要注意词汇搭配的问题,下面让我们来看一个雅思写作的常见句子:
Advertisements have influences on people.
相信所有备考过关于广告和传播话题的烤鸭对这个句子都不会陌生对不对,那么我们现在开始试着扩句。
一只老猫叼起念佛珠来玩弄着,这给墙角里的两只老鼠看见了,他们的脑袋里不禁冒出了一个大大的问号,这是怎么回事呢?
老大说:“我们还是警惕一点好,不知道他这葫芦里卖得什么药,说不定是故意引我们上钩呢!”
老二说:“这怎么可能?听人类说,只要念佛就要心存善意,改吃素食。”
“那可说不定呢!”老大还不服气。
“那我们出去看看吧!”老二想了一个一举两得的办法,他得意洋洋的说。
说着他们走出了洞,离猫有一段距离。只听猫嘴里不停地念叨着:“善哉善哉。”说着睁开眼睛扫了一眼老鼠兄弟,又合上眼睛说:“出家人不吃荤,只吃素食。”
老大听了,放松了警惕,说:“我相信:佛是绝对不会骗我们的,因为妄语(乱说不实在的话骗人是佛门大戒,佛也是因为不妄语,才可以修成佛的。所以古人说:‘佛言不信,何言可信?’我们走过去和猫交个朋友吧!说不定以后偷东西,可以帮我们开门,拿东西呢!”
老二赞同了老大的说法,大步流星的走到猫身边说:“猫大哥,咱们交个朋友吧!”
猫说:“好啊!”他停了停,问:“朋友有难应当互相帮助,对吗?”
“是呀!”
“我现在需要你帮助,我的肚子饿了!”
话说着,就把老鼠按住了,老鼠兄弟悲伤地说:“江山易改,本性难移,我们要时刻提高警惕性,不要被表面现象所迷惑,要认清本质!”
猫奸笑着说:你们天天呆在洞里,今天总算把你们引出来了。
猫津津有味地吃掉了老鼠。
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