Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
一天,我到阿姨家去,想把这个电子娃娃也带去。可是,又觉得自己已经是个小学生了,抱着娃娃到处走,也太不好意思啦!于是,我找了一条围巾,把它盖在娃娃身上,离开了家。
我抱着娃娃挤上了公共汽车。车厢里的乘客多极了。大家挤来挤去,一下子,娃娃嘴里的奶嘴给挤掉了。
“哇哇,呜哇……”娃娃放声大哭起来。我吓得连忙弯下身子,寻找奶嘴。=
“谁让个坐位给抱孩子的小妹妹坐?”一位售票员阿姨亮开嗓门喊、这时,坐着的乘客纷纷起来让坐,我刚拾起奶嘴,就被一位戴眼镜的叔叔拉到他的坐位上去了。
“***妈也真是的!”坐在后面的阿姨不满地说,“让你这么一个孩子抱着小毛头出来挤车,出了事怎么办呀?”
“是呀,她妈妈的.胆子也太大了!”
这时候,我不好意思地说:“这不是小毛头,是个电子娃娃。”说着,我掀开围巾,把奶嘴塞进电子娃娃的嘴里,娃娃这才止了哭声。周围的人看了,都禁不住哈哈大笑起来:“哈……”车厢里充满了欢乐的笑声。
朋友人人皆有,我的`亲密的朋友,你知道是谁吗?它是一位人人皆知、而拥有丰富知识的字典。也许你们感到很惊讶吧,它为什么会成为我的好朋友呢?因为它为繁荣祖国
的文化,推广普通话,促进汉语规范而服务,
我与它交上“朋友”后,它成了我学习科学文化知识最得力的助手,是我的良师益友。
我的“朋友”长相一般,四四方方,小巧玲珑,“五官”排列井然有序,从“新旧字形的对照”到“拼音的音节索引”,从“部首检字”到“字典的正文”,以及有关的地理、历史、自然的内容,一字字、一词词清晰可见。自从我与它交上“朋友”后,它为我解除了……例如,在一次智力测试中,当提到“南联盟共和国面积、人口、首都”这问题时,班上的同学答不上来,只有我站起来,高声地回答:“面积102173平方千米,人口1.052亿人,首都——贝尔格莱德。”这时,同学都投来了羡慕的眼光,我心里喜洋洋的。原来这是我“朋友”告诉我的,这功劳应该记上它一份。
字典,是我忠实的好“朋友”。在学习上,是它提醒了我,是它帮助了我,是它教育了我,使我成了班上的佼佼者。那是在一个夏日的夜晚,天气又闷又热,我一边扇着扇子,一边写着作业。由于临近期末
,紧张学习一天的我,感到很疲倦了,两只眼皮一直往下垂,刚想上床,我又勉强地张开眼,因为
我的作业还没完成。因此我强作精神,继续学下去。当分析一段短文时,却又碰上文中的“拦路虎”——“憧憬”、“黝黝”这两个词,怎么读,意思又是什么?我不理解,无法完成。由于平时的习惯,我把手伸进书包,去请我的“好友”帮忙。找到了,找到了!我急忙把查找到的答案端端正正地填写在作业里。这时
我又望了望身旁的“好友”,只见它仿佛在微笑。我捧起了它,自言自语地说:“谢谢你的提醒和教诲,你使我明白了……”我把它小心翼翼地放进了书包里,让它去休息,自己也转身去睡觉了。
字典啊,你是我忠实的朋友。我的进步和成长离不开你的帮助。当我成功的那一天,一定会记上你的一份功劳。
Dear my father and mother,
This letter is my inner feelings. I want to thank both of you for so many years’ care and help.
During my growth, you have made a lot of efforts and love for me. When I make a success, both of you are more excited than me, and support me to do better. Even though I have failed, you always share sorrow with me and encourage me not to give up. Especially, during my preparation for CET-4, the support from you is always everywhere. I have passed the exam successfully.
You love is so unselfish that I am deeply affected, so I will study hard to be a useful person and won’t make you disappointed. Anyway, I would like to express the deep gratitude to you.
With best wishes.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
我有一个精致电子词典,是今年过春节爸爸带我去大商场买的,它的形状象一盘磁带,显得十分小巧玲珑。打开盖有许许多多的按键,还有一面显示屏,好象一部小型笔记本电脑。它有很多的功能,比如:学习、音乐、英语、记事,下载等功能。
先说学习,在学习里面有记单词,它可以让你背会单词,还有教材选择,这样你就可以根据你所学的英语单词背了,英语就有所提高了。这里面还有听力练习,发音练习等都可以提高你的英语,还有汉英辞典,汉语字典。如果你有不会的英语或汉语,只要把它们输入上去,然后在按一下发音你就知道怎么念得了。记事也是一大项,里面包括电话号码、课程表、记事本等,记事本可以记事比如记E-mail、。
资料是我最爱的一大项了,里面有语文、数学、物理、化学、史地等知识。有一次老师让我们回家查青海湖的材料,我在家翻了半个小时的书还是没有找到,我想了一会儿,诶!用电子词典呀,我拿起电子词典就查,按到了史地知识里的旅游指南的青海湖,查着了!太好了,第二天,我就是查到资料的其中一个。
这就是我的电子词典,我的好助手,是它解决了的学习难题。
它长约10厘米,宽约7厘米。红色与银色的外壳。按一下开关键,你就会发现它的功能可真多呀。它分五个大类,分别是学习、记事、资料、休闲、工具等。
它的最显著的一个特点是英语词汇量大。它全版录入了外研社出版的《高级英汉词典》和《现代汉英词典》。我们有些时候,随时想起什么单词,都会用它来查。在“学习”这一类中,还有“英语会话”、“国际音标”等。如果你有些单词不会读,只要按一下发音,它就会给你读出来。
在“记事”这一类中大多都是自己来填写,如,“电子名片”,“备忘记事”,“课程表”等。可以帮助我们记忆,查询。
“资料”这一类中,全部都是课内课外的一些知识。如“英语乐园”,“公式常数”,“诗词鉴赏”,“节日节气”等。对我们学习上也有很大的帮助。
除了“学习”,“休闲”这一类便是我用得最多的了。它很丰富,有游戏,猜谜语,心理测试,星座性格,旅游,开心辞典等等。我一有空,便拿它玩弄。它可真是我玩耍时的好伙伴呀!
“工具”这个栏目中,是一些附加功能。有关本机的系统设定和个性设定,日历,计算器等一些功能。
我很喜欢我的电子词典,它带给我了很多帮助。
……
Dear all,
I am writing this letter to express my gratitude to my parents for teaching me to be positive and to be strong. “Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all.” is the opinion held by Aristotle. It is the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct even today, including my parenting.
It is widely acknowledged that parenting, which can also be explained as family education, is of great significance in our character forming and manner acquiring. To be more detailed, setting good examples instead of just giving precepts is the greatest achievement of my parents. They not only taught me to think for the best and prepare for the worst; they taught me how. They not only told me the benefits of being strong in mind; they proved it. All those things require huge amount of time and work, but it’s worth it.
Without my parents’ contribution and education, I would never be who I am now. But most importantly, I would never be more gratitude to them than today.
Yours,
XXX
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