珍惜生命之水,节约从我做起。水是生命之源,我要保护每一滴水。如果没有了水,地球就会干裂。
但是一天,小明在洗手间洗手时,发现那里的水龙头坏了。一滴滴清澈的自来水像瀑布一样往外流。小明费尽了心思,把它修好,并且关上。小明,总算松了一口气。随后他把节约用水,四个字贴在了墙上。
亲爱的小朋友们,我们离不开水。一旦没有了水,就等于没有了生命。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
星期天,青青、东东和平平在公园里玩球时,看见拐角处在写着“节约用水”四个字下面的水管没有关上,水“哗哗哗……”地流着。
太可惜了!水是多么的珍贵啊!现在我国西南地区土地干旱,人们没有水喝。缺水非常严重!我们应该珍惜每一滴水,养成随手关水的好习惯,保护水资源。想到这些,三人马上跑过去将水龙头拧紧。然后又高高兴兴地踢球去了。
下课了,小明和几个小伙伴一起去打球。走在去操场的路上,他们发现墙角的水龙头没关,水不停地滴着,下面的水槽里都积满了水。墙上挂着的"节约用水"四个字显得特别刺目。小明走过去,把水龙头关了。他们几个决定以后一定要节约用水
有一天放学了,小明正准备回家去。他走到卫生间附近,听到哗啦啦的水声,小明停下脚步,想:“这是怎么回事呢?”
小明顺着水声走进了卫生间,他看见卫生间的水龙头没有关,清水不断地往下流,地上还有一个大摊水呢。小明连忙走上前,关上水龙头,而且拧得很紧很紧。他还自言自语地说:“这水流得真可惜呀!这是哪个小朋友没有关水龙头呢?我得想个办法让大家不再浪费水。”
过了一会,小明抓了抓脑袋,想到了一个好办法。他跑回教室拿来一张纸,用笔在上面写了四个大字:节约用水。小明这样做是希望小朋友们能节约用水,不再浪费水了。小明把写有四个大字的纸贴在了墙上,这才放心地回家了。
小明真棒!我们应该向小明学习,养成节约用水的好习惯。
一进入校园,便会看见左右两边有两栋巨大的楼房,中间有一座蓝色的“小桥将它们连在了一起,就像两个巨人,手拉着手,心连着心。你往地上看,就会发现地上用蓝和绿的颜料写了一个“和字,别看仅仅是一个字,这个字告诉了我们走进校园的每一个人,一切都要在和谐中进行!
继续往前走,便会看见一条羊肠小道,这条羊肠小道是用黑白两种颜色的鹅软石铺成的,黑白相映成趣,别有一番风味。小道两旁绿树成荫,鲜花盛开。也许幸运的话,你可能还会看到小路旁石榴树结的石榴哦!树下也不再是水泥地,而是郁郁葱葱的小草,它们迎着朝阳,顶着烈日,送走晚霞,沐浴着大地的滋养。
走到小路尽头的时候,你就来到了我们的教学楼前,他的外墙是橘红色和白色的,橘红色和白色互相印衬,非常美丽。在墙上,你可以看到我们写字比赛的五星级作品,作品苍劲有力,不亚于大师的`作品。给我们的学校增添了一道美丽的风景线。
接下来让我们去操场看一下,我们的操场前有一片小树林,里面有一座假山,上面写着两个鲜红的大字:和美!这两个字时时刻刻的提醒着我们,以和为美,什么时候都要和谐地与人相处。再往里走,我们就到了操场,那宽阔的草坪,鲜红的塑胶跑道,一切都是那么亲切,这就是我们出操的地方。操场四周的栅栏,都被一种我不知名的植物所围绕着,好像是一堵长长的绿色城墙,犹如铜墙铁壁,在时时刻刻地保护着我们,等待我们绽放的那一天!还有操场边上的那两棵大雪松,他们如今都快要超过二楼了!每年的冬天,在其它植物的树叶枯萎凋零的时候,他们却依然郁郁苍苍地挺立在那儿,真是岁寒知松柏啊!
我们的学校虽然没有旅游景点有名,但是,它在我的心中是最美的!
“我们”与“他们”——用水三重奏
水是生命的源泉,生活中没有水,就好像鸟儿没有翅膀。在如今的二十一世纪,城市中的“我们”已经完全忽视了水对他们的重要性,使“我们”与村寨中的“他们”形成了剧烈的反差。
“我们”的生活——高声部
在科技突飞猛进的当今社会,城市中的人们已奔向了幸福的小康生活,以至于不停地浪费水、污染水。比如我家。每次刷牙,我动员会把水灌满杯子,用水先进行第一道刷牙前的工序——洗牙杯,洗干净后,就是第二道工序——洗牙刷,最后才开始刷牙。每次洗澡,我会先打开水源,等到水慢慢变热了,才脱衣服进去洗。在涂洗发露和沐浴露之前,我会站在水中很长时间,先好好享受一下,舒服一会身体。尤其是在冬天,每次我洗澡的时间会更加漫长。洗完之后,由于寒冷,我会把水开到最热,站在一旁取暖。
乡村的生活——中声部
一个暑假,我来到乡村老家,在哪里,我目睹了老家哪儿的人和城市中的人截然不同的用水习惯。那里的水费是免费提供的,尽管如此,那里的人们还是十分节俭的。在大院子里,有几个水龙头,是院中各户居民公用的。有很多次,看着水龙头没拧紧,一滴一滴地往地面上滴着,我都不以为然,认为没什么大不了的,自然也没有去管正在“流泪”的水龙头。而总在这时,都会有一个居民主动做好事。每次,奶奶都会把洗过菜的水来冲厕所。而爷爷也从来不给种的果树浇水,给它们浇的是更“营养”的马桶里的尿。别看着很恶心,这可是对于植物来说最好的化肥啊!
“他们”的生活——低声部
生活中,有很多地方水资源充足,可仍有很多地方缺乏水源。在西北有些地区,人们已经很久没有品尝到干净的水源了。地面都裂开了一道道大口子,仿佛光临过地震,地面被震裂了似的.。天上的太阳火辣辣地毒烤着大地,仿佛在冒烟;人们被无情的炙烤着,仿佛被烤熟了……那里的每个人捧着碗,大口大口地喝着什么,你们知道那是什么水吗?那是大雨过后,被遗留在地上的水洼中的黄乎乎的泥水,是上天赐予他们的施舍品啊!为了能解除难耐的口渴,他们被逼到了绝境,日夜忍受着口渴带来的痛苦:为了能解除难耐的口渴,他们做出了一个十分无奈的的决定——喝泥水。多么悲惨、可怜呀!
余音未绝——我的感受
看着灾区的人们一双双渴望得到水源的眼睛,我不禁心痛不已、思绪万千。“我们“城市中的人浪费水、污染水;乡村的人珍惜水、节约水;“他们”灾区的人渴望水、期盼水……“我们”与“他们”对水的概念截然不同,难道“我们”这样做是对的吗?不,答案是肯定的,希望“我们”能够认识到水的重要性,学会珍惜这来之不易的水资源!
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
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