如何写英语说明文作文 - 学习作文网

如何写英语说明文作文【一】

to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.

Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water

如何写英语说明文作文【二】

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的`一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。

按写作方法,英语说明文主要分为下面六种类型

1.例证法 2.定义法 3.分类法 4.因果关系法 5.比较对照法 6.过程分析法

1.例证法

Our life today depends very much on energy. For example, machines have made our life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods-everything. Factories use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.

这段主要是讲能源问题。第一句为主题句,概括地说出"我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖能源"。接着用举例的方法从三方面说明能源的作用。

2.定义法

An ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. He should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. His personality is as important as his scholarship. An ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. He should be a bit of an actor and he shouldn't be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. An ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.

本段的展开是通过对"一个模范教师"下定义的方法,关键词"ideal teacher"在文中多次重复,能加深读者的印象。

3.分类法

As far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. First are the conservative people. Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great changes. Second are the liberal people. These people are in favour of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem too idealistic. Third are the moderate people. The moderates keep everything within reasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world. In my opinion, most people seem to belong to this group.

本段把人按政治观点分为三类:保守派(conservative people、自由派(liberal people和温和派(moderate people,并对他们各自的特征进行了简要的分析。

4.因果关系法

Of the four seasons, I like spring best. I prefer spring because it is a season of much joy and gaiety. New life bursts out everywhere. Plants wear a green coat again and colourful flowers blossom in gardens and mountains. The old come outdoors for fresh air and the young plan for outdoor activities. Life becomes so energetic and happy.

第一句为本段主题句,末句是总结句。在主题句后, 作者用了四个句子阐述自己喜欢春天的理由。

5.比较对照法

I like having a twin sister. When she's happy, I'm happy. When she feels unhappy, I feel the same. Often, I know what she's going to say. Sometimes, I know what she's thinking. I like what she likes. I hate what she hates. We like the same music, the same food and the same books.

这段采用AB交错的比较方式,阐述孪生姐妹的相同特征。这种写法较流畅自然,给读者的印象也更鲜明突出。

6.过程分析法

There are several steps to plant a tree. First, dig a hole large enough for the tree, but the hole should not be too deep. Second, put the tree in the hole so that it is straight. Third, put the earth back into the hole again. Push it down hard with your foot several times. Finally, water the tree well, as often as possible.

这段分析了植树过程中的几个步骤。全段层次分明,连接词语(first, second, third, finally的使用加强了语句的连贯性。

Exercises

例１请根据Wang Hua 在学骑自行车时的几个步骤，写一篇短文，说明他是任何学会骑自行车的．

参考词汇： handle-bars 自行车把手 pedal 踏板 saddle 车座

Wang Hua is learning to ride a bicycle. Let’s watch him and see how he can get on his bicycle. He put his hands on the handle-bars. He puts his left foot on the left pedal, then he pushes himself hard forward with his right leg. Now he can move on together with the bicycle and his whole body is now on the bicycle. Then, he raises his right leg over the saddle and lower himself on the saddle. Now, he is on the bicycle and stepping the pedals hard with both legs. And the bicycle is going forward.

例2

请写一篇短文介绍如何乘坐伦敦地铁．

内容提示如下：

1. 在售票处（booth购买辅币（token需30便士．

2. 在入口处将辅币投入狭孔（slot，你就可以走下地铁．

3. 在站台等车时，要站在白线以外．注意你要去的方向．不要站错站台．

4. 上下车应迅速，因为车门关闭很快．地铁内规定不准吸烟．

注意：短文的意思要连贯．字数：100个左右．

If you want to travel by underground in London, you should first find the nearest underground entrance and buy a token for 30 pence in the booth. After you drop the token into the slot at the entrance, you can walk down the stairs. Stand back of the white line while waiting for the train on the platform. Make sure that you are on the right side of the platform for your train. When the train arrives, get on or get off quickly because the doors of the train close quickly. Smoking is not allowed in the underground.

例3

家用电脑体积下，价格低，造型优美，简单易用，使用方便，灵活；可用于计算，记事，打电话，打印信件；儿童可用它来学英语，做游戏．你通过家用电脑能学会怎样使用微机；为将来寻找工作提供便利；电脑工作比人快数百倍；我们已经得到电脑的巨大帮助．请根据以上内容写一篇介绍家用电脑的说明文．字数120左右．

A Family Computer

A family computer is small. Its price is not high, and it has a good look. It can be used easily. You can calculate, make notes, call others and type letters, etc. Also, children can learn English or play games with it. Besides, you can use a family computer as a training computer. You can learn how to use an office computer, which can give you convenience to find a good job in a company. Computers can work hundreds of times faster than humans. We have been greatly helped by

computers.

例 4

请以The Importance of Trees 为题写一篇短文，说明保护森林的必要性．

1. 说明树木的主要用途：提供木材；吸水，防止水灾，旱灾；净化空气，美化生活．

2. 滥伐树木的危害；无计划砍伐造成水土流失，土壤沙化，造成水灾．

3. 每年都应植树造林，使其为人类更好服务等等．

字数：100左右．

As we all know, trees are very useful. They are of great benefit to man as follows. First, trees provide us with wood and other products. Second, their roots can allow the rain to sink in and keep the soil, so they help to prevent droughts and floods. Trees can help clean air and beautify life.

Unfortunately, nowadays in many parts of the world lots of people fail to realize the importance of trees. They have cut trees down in large numbers without a plan, which makes the soil washed away. They don’t know where there are no trees, the rain washes away the surface of the soil and this causes floods.

We ought to plant trees each year and carefully look after new trees in order not to make the forest slowly disappear. Only in this way can we make the forest serve man forever.

例 5

根据下表格提供的信息，请你推荐两本学中文的词典．

Dear Steve,

I’m pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese. I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries. The English- Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words. Besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary of 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECCED is the more expensive, costing 52 yuan, and XD costs 11 yuan.

Please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries.

Yours, Li Yua

如何写英语说明文作文【三】

（一）对象及特征。说明文一般分为事物说明文和事理说明文。分析说明文特征可以从标题、所用材料及说明对象、整篇课文入手。

（二）说明顺序。说明文顺序可分为时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序。时间顺序以时间语作标志，说明事物发展演变，如介绍工作程序；空间顺序以方位词作标志，从上到下、从左到右、由里到外、由前到后、有整体到局部等，说明事物形态和构造，多用于建筑物或实体；逻辑顺序以思维规律为序，是现象到本质、由因到果、由主到次等，多用于事理说明文。

（三）说明方法及作用。

1、举例子。使文章更加具体,更有说服力,更客观地说明了事物。使比较抽象，复杂的事情或事物变得通俗易懂，让人信服。举例子必须让人觉得有真实感。

2、作比较。说明某些抽象的或者是人们比较陌生的事物，可以用具体的或者大家已经熟悉的事物和它比较，使读者通过比较得到具体而鲜明的印象。

3、下定义。用简明的语言对某一概念的本质特征作规定性的说明叫下定义。下定义能准确揭示事物的本质，是科技说明文常用的方法。

4、列图表。为了把复杂的事物说清楚，还可以采用图表法，来弥补单用文字表达的缺欠，对有些事物解说更直接、更具体。使读者直观，一目了然的了解事物的特征。

5、诠释法（又称作诠释）。从一个侧面，就事物的某一个特点做些解释，这种方法叫诠释法。

6、打比方。利用两种不同事物之间的相似之处作比较，以突出事物的形状特点。用这个方法，可以使抽象复杂说得浅显易懂，具体生动。

7、摹状貌。为了使被说明对象更形象、具体，可以进行状貌摹写，这种说明方法叫摹状貌。

8、引资料。为了使说明的内容更充实具体，可以引资料说明。引资料的范围很广，可以是经典著作，名家，公式定律，典故谚语等。

9、分类别。将被说明的对象，按照一定的标准划分成不同的类别，一类一类地加以说明，这种说明方法，叫分类别。帮助读者掌握特征，头绪分明。

10、列数字。为了使所要说明的事物具体化，还可以采用列数字的方法，以便读者理解。

（四）说明文语言特点。准确，生动形象，简明。

（五）说明文结构。总分总，总分，分总，并列，连贯。

如何写英语说明文作文【四】

1、下定义：就是用准确的、简明的语言来说明事物的特征、揭示事物的本质，使这种事物和另一种事物区分开来的一种说明方法。

1）笑是反映内心活动的`一种面部表情。

2）石拱桥就是用石头做拱圈的一种桥梁。

3）统筹方法是一种安排工作进程的数学方法。

下定义的说明方法的格式：××是××

2、作诠释：就是对事物进行解释的一种说明方法。

1）如此浩荡的海水中竟没有鱼虾、水草，甚至连海边也寸草不生，这大概是四死海得名的原因吧。

这段文字解释了“死海”的“死”的含义：没有生命

2）人们在这无鱼无草的海水里，竟能自由游弋，即使不会游泳的人，也总是浮在水面上。

这段文字解释了死海不死的第二个“死”的含义：淹死。

3、分类别: 就是对复杂的事物进行分门别类的介绍的说明方法。采用分类别的说明方法要注意分类的标准要统一。

1）文学作品按体裁来分可以分为四种：小说、、散文和戏剧文学。

2）风沙的进攻方式有两种：一种可以称之为阵地战；另一种称之为游击战。

4、举例子：就是用实际的事例把抽象、复杂的事物说得具体形象、生动的一种说明方法。

1）《中国石拱桥》通过举赵州桥和卢沟桥的例子来说明中国石拱桥的特点：形式优美，结构坚固，历史悠久。

5、作比较：就是把两种不同的事物放在一起进行对比说明的一种说法。

1）新疆建设兵团在天山南北建立国营农场，开沟挖渠，种麦种棉，那里原是不毛之地，现在一片葱茏，俨然一片绿洲。

分析：以前是“不毛之地”同现在的“俨然一片绿洲”，进行比较，表明：沙漠是可以征服的。

6、打比方：就是以比喻的方式将进行说明的一种方法。采用打比方的说明方法，同时还可以认为是描写的表达方式，一般是采用明喻，能把抽象、复杂的事物说的简明生动，通俗易懂。

1）石拱桥的桥洞呈弧形，就像虹。

2）大礼堂呈椭圆形，有两成挑台象两弯新月，围拱着主席台。

3）燕子一会儿象箭一样贴墙飞行，一会儿又垂直的直冲云霄。

7、引用：用有关的资料、、俗语、谚语来进行说明的一种说明方法。

1）出现朝霞，表明阴雨天气就要到来；出现晚霞，表示最近几天里天气晴朗。所以有“朝霞不出门，晚霞行千里”的说法。

分析：引用谚语说明霞和天气的关系。

8、列数字：就是运用数字来进行说明的方法，可以采用确数、约数、倍数、百分比等。运用数字进行说明，必须准确无误，符合客观实际。注意采用列数字的说明方法时，表示约数的“大约”“上下”“左右”“多”等词不能去掉，去掉的话，就使约数变成了确数，不符合实际。表示推测语气的“可能”也不能去掉，去掉的话，就成了肯定语气。

1）一只青蛙一昼夜能捕食70多只害虫，一个月约吃2000只，一年吃掉害虫15000左右。

分析：“多”“约”“左右”等词不能去掉，去掉的话，就使约数变成了确数，不符合实际。

9、列图表：就是用绘图和表格来说明事物的特征。

10、摹状貌：就是把说明的事物进行描写的说明方法。采用摹状貌的说明方法，可能同时还会带有打比方的说明方法，是描写的表达方式。

1）雾像轻纱，扑朔迷离，充满浓厚的艺术氛围。轻轻的薄雾，使山城显得格外亲切。

11、拟人法：把说明的对象当作人来写，使说明的对象具有人的特点。

1）（赵州桥）大拱的两肩上各有两个小拱。