1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
不知妈妈又是从哪张可恶报纸上看到,说吃枸杞芽对视力有帮助。于是家里又立即以迅雷不及掩耳之势掀起了一阵“枸杞热”。
这东西要是什么一般菜嘛倒也没什么,可是那苦劲简直和黄连一模一样;这东西要是可以放点糖嘛倒也没什么,可是妈妈却说不加糖效果才好;这东西要是偶尔吃一次嘛倒也没什么,可是妈妈又说了,要像吃药一样日日吃,月月吃,年年吃!
早上一碗枸杞芽面,中午一碗枸杞芽汤,晚上一碗炒枸杞芽,我越吃越恶心,一见到枸杞芽,就想上去把它踩个稀巴烂。
今天,妈妈又陪我吃枸杞芽了,而且吃得比我还多,看着她那吃得津津有味样子,我忍不住问:“你怎么这么爱这东西?”妈妈拧着眉毛,使劲咽下一口,然后猛扒了一口饭说:“我才不爱吃呢!”我更加不解了,忙问:“你不爱吃,还吃得这么带劲?”“只不过怕我不以身作则,你要提意见而已。”妈妈信口说道。
突然,她好像意识到了什么似,闭上了嘴,良久才说:“吃枸杞芽好处很多,这点苦算什么,我才不怕呢”!说完她又夹起一大筷枸杞芽塞进嘴里,这时她眉毛没有皱,脸上甚至还露出丝丝笑容,仿佛在品尝人间最美味食物。我愣住了,心里“咯噔”了一下,随即便什么都明白了。
我夹起一大筷枸杞芽,咀嚼着,品尝着这苦苦味道,这母爱味道。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Dear parents:
How are you?I haven't seen your for a long time.I miss your very much.Don't worry about me,I'm fine.I like studing very much,I'm work hard.I'm very busy ,so I can't go home now.But when I have a long holiday,I will go home and visit your.Look after yourself and happy every day.
Love from.
your daughter
I have a great mother. She cares much about me in my life and study.
In the morning, she gets up early to make breakfast for me. When I was little, she prepared my schoolbag. But now, she tells me to do it by myself. Because she thinks I have been old enough to do it. Besides, she always checks my homework. When I finish my homework, she checks it and points out the mistakes. She is very careful and helps me a lot.
I love my mother.
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
爱是世界上最纯洁,最温暖。爱是无私,爱是不朽。爱是一道光芒,它时刻照耀着我们所有人,鼓励我们前进。有一种爱,在你失败时牵动你奋斗动力,在你成功时激起你继续努力信念,在你犯错时促使你弥补过错,在你放弃时鼓励你重新振作起来。这种爱,叫父母爱。我门都在父母关爱下长大。父母爱也早已融入到日常生活点点滴滴。
那天,我在桌前作业,忽然听到熟悉脚步朝我这边走来。是爸爸吗?果然是。他走到我书桌前,只对我说了两个字,“眼睛。"“眼睛”是什么意思?哦,原来爸爸是在提醒我要保持正确坐姿,眼睛距桌面一尺啊!我连忙挺起身来,保持正确坐姿。
前几天,我感冒了,怎么也好不了。妈妈得知后,非常着急。妈妈说:“你怎么感冒得这么严重?保护不好自己身体怎么行?赶快想想办法,让身体快点好啊!”我不知道怎么才能快点康复,妈妈就与我一同想起办法来。怎么办?加厚衣服?喝药?多喝水?妈妈一连给我下达了多项“命令"。我没办法,只好把这些“任务”一一“执行”。哦,你还别说,经过这一番“忙活",我感冒真轻多了。这多亏了老妈啊!
父母爱是神圣。生活中,浸透着父母浓浓爱意事情多如繁星,绝不是一篇文章能够写完。让我们怀一颗感恩心,回报这份爱吧!
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