①写动物、植物及无生物等,要兼俱动态静态的描写。
②要兼俱外在特征及内在象征。如骆驼的耐劳,莲花的不染,窗的展望。并可讨论其哲理,抒发其教训。
③多运用修辞手法。
④并记二物时,可记其相似点:先记甲物,次记乙物,最后并论。也可记二物相异处,结论可记其价值取舍。
Prisoners of War?
Thousands of war prisoners were kept in captivity in the bulky camp. They lived in clutter and had to deal with chore. They must show categorical obedience or else receive caustic chiding. The guarding officers censure them very often, as well as clamoring carnal punishments. Some captives got bruise and clots all over. Male prisoners lost their collaterals and female ones fail to keep chaste.??
They wear burnished canvas, and rested in circumscribed room with small capacity and caliber. They chafe each other and brawled frequently. They were chary of moving and can hardly budge. Their situations captivated lots of reporters, who castigated the government with cogent proof. However, the government gave bombastic data and bragged about the conditions in the camps.??
After the calamity of war ceased, large numbers of captives were longing for the boon of brisk free life. According to a clandestine bond between the two canny governments, a process of exchanging captives will soon commence. This is considered as opening a cleft in the clogged wall between the two countries.
按图表写,首先要读懂图表,理解其包含的信息。为此目的,应注意三点:第一是读懂标题,明白图表的目的;第二是研究图表主题,理解各项内容及其之间的联系;第三是注意图表的说明或图例,以免误解。总之,对图表的研究要仔细,理解和判断要准确,不能草率做出决定,以免在文章内容方面丢分。
读懂图表之后,立即思考文章应表达的内容。这里,我们应该明白两个制约因素:其一是作文写作时间只有二十多分钟,不可能长篇大论;其二是图表内容繁多,不可能一一说明,也不能写成枯燥无味的\'流水账。考虑取舍时,应注意总的趋势,概貌,相互关系,典型的例子或数据,抓住这些之后,其他的内容实际上也包含在其中,不必再提及。
文章的写法没有固定的模式,但因题材的限制,变化太大也不可能。第一段必须说明图表的性质与目的,没有这一点,文章的主题难以突出。自然段的划分以清楚明了为原则,例如第一段谈图表的目的,其余自然段应当以所谈要点划分,最后一段可谈自己的理解和看法(也可不谈。写作时的关键是每个要点谈完后,应给出例证,把该说地说完,然后再进入下一要点,不能不顾文章条理,把想到的内容随便乱放。
再语言方式上,要注意句式的变化,尽量避免反复使用某一句型。再并列情况较多时,设法采用连结词或关系词将领岁的内容串在一起,为文章的主题服务。全文的思路可以用主题句,自然段,逻辑词等手法表明,使读者感到作者的思路清晰,感到全文是个有机的整体。遇到众多雷同的词汇短语时,能变化的尽量变化,无力变化时可用句式变化弥补。
①记叙事情必须注重该事的完整性,亦即要注重该事的因果关系,事情的发生,经过,结果等三部份,必须交代清楚,不可前后矛盾。其顺序安排可采用顺叙法(按事件发生→经过,→结果顺序)和倒叙法(按事件结果→发生→经过的顺序)两种。
②与事的因果有关的`才写,无关的不写。
③要选取事情精彩部份详细描写,切忌流水帐的叙述。
④叙事离不开写人,但需以事为主,以人为辅,不可宾主失次。
⑤叙述的人称要统一,或用第一人称,或用第三人称,前后必需统一。
⑥叙述事情的结果,要加入作者的思想,感情和评价。
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