读书笔记分为摘录笔记、提纲笔记、评注笔记、心得笔记四种。
摘录笔记就是把所读文章的好句子、好材料摘录下来的笔记。这种笔记有的同学小学时就做过,但是坚持下来的人很少。摘录笔记做多了,经常读一读,对于提高我们的语言表达能力很有帮助,在时可以参考、模仿,有的甚至可以直接引用。
提纲笔记就是把所读文章的要点归纳记录下来的笔记。它对于我们阅读分析很有帮助,也有助于我们提高作文的构思能力。
如果所读的书是自己的书,还可以在书的空白处写下自己看法、疑问、评论等,也可以做一些记号。这就是评注笔记。它会加强我们对文章的理解、记忆,作文时如果要参考、模仿渡过的文章,有没有做过评注的,效果大不一样。
心得笔记简单的就是扼要地写一写读书的心得,可以不过多考虑格式,把心得记下来即可。上一讲我们说找文章的“眼睛”,实际就是一种心得,你把它记录下来,不用过多地展开议论,这就是心得笔记。
广义地讲,读后感也是心得笔记之一,但人们一般都把读后感独立地提出来讲解和练习。我们也这样做。
I have a great mother. She cares much about me in my life and study.
In the morning, she gets up early to make breakfast for me. When I was little, she prepared my schoolbag. But now, she tells me to do it by myself. Because she thinks I have been old enough to do it. Besides, she always checks my homework. When I finish my homework, she checks it and points out the mistakes. She is very careful and helps me a lot.
I love my mother.
读后感的概念有两重含义:一是真实的、不受任何约束的读后感,二是一种作文的体裁,时要接受各种条件的约束。初中语文课本第一册163页的例文《说胆》以及下面这篇读后感,就接近于第一种读后感。写这种读后感,主要是给自己看的,一定要真实,有什么感想(当然感想应当有意义,值得一写)就写什么感想,与心得笔记不同,它要展开来写,尽量像一篇文章,尽量写得生动、实在、深刻。一般应当写清楚读了什么,有什么感想,联想到了什么,对自己有什么作用等。它不追求文体、格式框框,写起来也可长可短。
Dear Mr.
Please accept my resignation as associate chemist at the GERT Institute. I plan to leave my job here on September 30, 19–, taking a few days of annual leave just prior to that effective date. As you know, my primary interest has been in the oil and gas industry. Therefore, I’ve accepted a position with Fury Refining, Inc., that should put me back in touch with my “first love.” Although I’m eager to accept the challenges in this new position, I regret leaving the institute. You and the organization as a whole have treated me very well over the past three years. I won’t forget the friendship and professional growth I’ve experienced as an employee here. Best wishes to all of you for years of expansion here.
Sincerely,
在我家,我有自己的房间,我的`房间是我私人的地方,我不用去听父母的唠叨。我喜欢在饭后呆在房间里,我会保持安静,在没有收到别人干扰的情况下去思考问题。我的房间可以让我感到安全,给予我空间去思考。我喜欢我的房间,我想要有一天去装饰下,让它看起来更加的舒适。
写读后感最重要的一点是要读出所读书籍或者文章的“眼睛”,它是你展开来写的基础、中心和出发点,这个问题我们已经在上一讲里说过了,这里就不多讲了。其次,写读后感,有它一定的规矩,有的书上把它归纳为“引、议、联、结”,四个字,想公式一样。对于这些规矩我们不可以不学,考试时只要内容有创意,套用这种公式未尝不可;但我们也不要受其所限,写成千篇一律的“八股文”,也可尝试在结构上有自己的创意,有自己的个性。但不管怎样,读后感也离不开“读”——对原文的引述、概括、评价等等,离不开“感”——自己的感想。只要把这两个字表达好了,就是好的读后感。
关于读后感的一般写法,我们来学习《中考作文辅导》下册的相关章节。
November **, ****
To Whom It May Concern:
This is to confirm that Mr. Li Dashui has worked as a full-time system analyst in the NY University since Jun 1994(or This letter is to verify that Mr. Li Dashui worked as an chemist from July 1993 to Sept. 1994. Mr. Lis main duties and responsibilities are as follows:
Design, develop and install various computer hardware, software and network systems for banks.
Determine and analyze the requirements of each system project into related componets solved through the application of computer technology.
Write specifications for computer programs, and test and implement programs for network systems and control systems.
Supervise computer programmers and other system analysts for paticular system projects.
Mr. Li has mainly taken part in the following projects:
The first engineering design of city general business computer network system.
Upgrading banks system for IBM AS/400 E45 to IBM AS/400 320, IBM AS/400 530.
The design development and test of city general business computer network system.
The design and development network and database systems for the Golden Credit Card Project.
Mr. Li is well experienced with IBM AS/400 system analysis, TCP/IP protocol, SNA protocol and LAN; proficient in RPGIII, VB, C/C++ and DB2, and skilled in UNIX, Informix, Client/Server etc.
Mr. Li is a hard-working and talented analyst, and is highly respected member in our company. If you need further information, please feel free to contact me. Sincerely yours, Singature, Zhang Jianguo
Senior Engineer and Technical Manage Company Name, Address, Tex Fax
November 24, 1998
Dear Mr. Bao:
尊敬的包先生:
By this letter I am resigning my position as Quality Engineer, effective immediately.
我写信目的是通知您我要辞去质量工程师的职位,并且立即生效。
Recent circumstances incompatible1 with my personal beliefs and styles require that I change my employment.
最近公司发生的一些事情有悖我个人的理念及风格,驱使我更换工作。
I appreciate the opportunity to work and learn at ABC Company.
能有机会在ABC公司工作学习,我感到不胜感激。
Sincerely,
Li Da Hua
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