在我家的阳台上,我种了几棵含羞草,我每天按时给它们浇水、施肥。
有一天,我在给它们浇水时,无意间触碰到了含羞草的叶尖,它的叶片立刻垂了下去,我当时吓坏了,以为含羞草快要死了。我伤心的去找妈妈,对妈妈说:“妈妈,我的含羞草没了!”妈妈却故作神秘地对我说:“你现在再去看看你的含羞草什么样子?”我带着疑惑的心情跑向阳台,结果被吓了一跳,含羞草与刚才判若两样,又恢复了生机;我纳闷极了,又去请教妈妈,妈妈对我说:“你自己到课外书中去找答案吧!”
为了解开这个谜团,我认真地开始查资料。“功夫不负有心人”,我终于在《十万个为什么——植物篇》里找到了答案。
原来,含羞草不是真的“害羞”,是因为在含羞草的叶柄基部,有一个能膨大的组织,叫做“叶枕”,叶枕里面充满水分,经常胀鼓鼓的,保持着很大的压力,而且下半部的压力更大。当人的手指碰到含羞草时,它的叶子受到震动,叶枕下部细胞里的水分就立即向上部和两侧流去。于是,叶枕下部就像泄了气的气球一样陷了下去,上部就像打足了气的气球一样鼓起来,这样叶柄就会下垂合拢,像害羞的小姑娘一样了。过了几分钟,叶柄下部又逐渐充满水分,叶子就重新张开,恢复原状。原来是这样,我心中的疑团终于解开了。
同学们,当你们遇到难题时,也可以到课外书上去找答案,要知道,课外书也是你们的良师益友!
秋分昼夜不分长短,各地方的秋分习俗也各具特色。在我国民间有竖蛋、吃秋菜、送秋牛、粘雀子嘴等趣味习俗。
秋分祭月
秋分曾是传统的“祭月节”。如古有“春祭日,秋祭月”之说。现在的.中秋节则是由传统的“祭月节”而来。据考证,最初“祭月节”是定在“秋分”这一天,不过由于这一天在农历八月里的日子每年不同,不一定都有圆月。而祭月无月则是大煞风景的。所以,后来就将“祭月节”由“秋分”调至中秋。
据史书记载,早在周朝,古代帝王就有春分祭日、夏至祭地、秋分祭月、冬至祭天的习俗。其祭祀的场所称为日坛、地坛、月坛、天坛。分设在东南西北四个方向。北京的月坛就是明清皇帝祭月的地方。《礼记》载:“天子春朝日,秋夕月。朝日之朝,夕月之夕。”这里的夕月之夕,指的正是夜晚祭祀月亮。这种风俗不仅为宫廷及上层贵族所奉行,随着社会的发展,也逐渐影响到民间。
竖蛋
在每年的秋分那一天,世界各地都会有数以千万计的人在做“竖蛋”试验。这一被称之为“中国习俗”的玩艺儿,何以成为“世界游戏”,目前尚难考证。不过其玩法确简单易行且富有趣味:选择一个光滑匀称、刚生下四五天的新鲜鸡蛋,轻手轻脚地在桌子上把它竖起来。虽然失败者颇多,但成功者也不少。秋分成了竖蛋游戏的最佳时光,故有“秋分到,蛋儿俏”的说法。竖立起来的蛋儿好不风光。
秋分吃秋菜
在岭南地区,昔日四邑(现在加上鹤山为五邑)的开平苍城镇的谢姓,有个不成节的习俗,叫做“秋分吃秋菜”。“秋菜”是一种野苋菜,乡人称之为“秋碧蒿”。逢秋分那天,全村人都去采摘秋菜。在田野中搜寻时,多见是嫩绿的,细细棵,约有巴掌那样长短。采回的秋菜一般家里与鱼片“滚汤”,名曰“秋汤”。有顺口溜道:“秋汤灌脏,洗涤肝肠。阖家老少,平安健康。”一年自秋,人们祈求的还是家宅安宁,身壮力健。
拜神
秋分前后的民俗节日有二月十五日开漳圣王诞辰:开漳圣王又称“陈圣王”,为唐代武进士陈元光,对漳洲有功,死后成为漳洲守护神。二月十九日观世音菩萨诞辰,每逢诞辰,信徒多茹素齐,前往各观音寺庙祭拜。二月二十五日三山国王祭日:三山国王是指广东省潮州府揭阳县的独山、明山、巾山三座山的山神,早年由潮州客家移民秋为守护神,因此信徒以客籍人士为主。
送秋牛
秋分随之即到,其时便出现挨家送秋牛图的。其图是把二开红纸或黄纸印上全年农历节气,还要印上农夫耕田图样,名曰“秋牛图”。送图者都是些民间善言唱者,主要说些秋耕和吉祥不违农时的话,每到一家更是即景生情,见啥说啥,说得主人乐而给钱为止。言词虽随口而出,却句句有韵动听。俗称“说秋”,说秋人便叫“秋官”。
粘雀子嘴
秋分这一天,我国很多地方的农村还有煮汤圆吃的习俗,除了自己食用外,还要煮二三十个不用包心的汤圆,插上细竹签放在田边地头,这就是“粘雀子嘴”,寓意是让雀子不要来破坏庄稼。
秋分是表征季节变化的节气。秋分这天,太阳位于黄经180度,阳光几乎直射赤道,昼夜几乎等长。这时,四川盆地候温普遍降至22℃以下,进入了凉爽的秋季。“一场秋雨一场寒”。一股股南下的冷空气,与逐渐衰减的暖湿空气相遇,产生一次次降雨,气温也一次次下降。在川西高原北部,日最低气温降到0℃以下,已经可见到漫天絮飞舞、大地素裹银装的壮丽雪景。秋分以后,四川省雨量明显减少,暴雨、大雨一般很少出现;不过,降雨日数却反而有所增加,常常阴雨连绵,夜雨率也较高。唐代著名诗人李商隐“巴山夜雨涨秋池”的名句,生动形象地描绘出四川秋多夜雨的气候特色。我省盆地和凉山州秋多绵雨,湿害严重,对秋收、秋耕和秋种影响颇大。要抢晴收晒,理墒防渍,抓好“三秋”生产的质量和进度。同时,还要充分利用秋季阴雨寡照、土土壤墒情较好的气象条件,不失时机地大搞植树造林,努力提高树苗成活率。
作者:杰克伦敦
改写:何碧珠
出版社:中国东方出版社
内容简介:
巴克遇到了邮差是个懂狗的人,他可以公正的处理狗儿之间的纠纷,也知道巴克是只不可多得的雪橇狗,并不时的给予 指导让巴克很快的适应北方的生活,但命运乖桀并不会因此停止,它再度换主人,这次是无知的二男一女完全不懂狗,让狗儿吃了很多苦,在生死交关之际,巴克遇 上了桑顿,他用爱心照顾巴克,狗儿巴克感受到新主人的爱,也积极的回报自己的爱,这是人与狗之间惺惺相惜的.情谊,让巴克在回归大自然时有了牵挂,但巴克终 究会去寻找它野性本能中的归处。
心得:
杰克.伦敦擅长以动物来比喻人类的行为,他对北国的环境和对狗的了解深入,随着他所描写北国恶劣环境对人们的不便及寒冷对生理伤害的故事情节让人宛如深入 其境,在描写每只雪橇狗的性格和行为时栩栩如生,是一部老少咸宜的小说。在野性的呼唤中,主角巴克本来是一只养尊处优、美丽骄傲的南方大狗,在它回归大自 然的过程中受到贪婪人类的调教,逐渐找回它血液中所遗传的野性,在这艰难的过程中,是适者生存的自然法则引导巴克如何在人、狗、大自然中寻找共存共生的平 衡点。当巴克被亲近的人卖掉,乃至人类拿着棍棒驯服它时,它以它的本能适应新的生活,它的新生活开始于北方严寒的天气及险恶的地形,拉雪橇是它的工作,它 由其它狗儿身上学习北方的生活技巧,进而争夺狗群的领导权,并展现它的超强领导力,这领导力是它天生的魅力,也是它在艰难环境中学习而来的成果。
When I was a freshman in college I watched the film Gua Sha Treatment for the first time, now I am a junior student and I come back to review the movie from a multicultural aspect, I have many different feelings after watching the film again.
At the beginning of the film, XuDatong is given an award and later he delivers a speech. What makes me impressed most is in his speech he says “one day I will become one of you, a truly successful American, today this award proved that America is a true land of opportunity and I am the living proof of that.” At that moment Xu thinks he has realized his American Dream totally with his lovingly wife and adorable son. However, I think it is ironical that to make a speech like that and I assume it is made on purpose to hind a clue for the story's development. How many non—American people have such a beautiful American dream? One of my classmate studies in American now and before he went aboard he told me his American dream is he can stand at the top of the New York. To be honest, I also dream that one day I can get the Green Card living there happily and successfully maybe working at the Wall Street. When Xu gets the award he thinks he entirely melted in the melting pot neglecting the multicultural obstruct, later the plot goes against the way he thinks. And later Quinlan asked Xu'why you be the scapegoat of your father?' Xu answers 'because he is Chinese.' Then maybe Xu knows that there is always a wide gap between Chinese and American cultures.
The second scene is Xu hit his son Denis because Denis hit the son of xu's boss, at the middle of the film xu tells his boss that he hit his own son is only to show his respect to his boss John Quinlan, that time Quinlan feels puzzled “what a Chinese logic”,yes, American can never understand such a logic full of Chinese characteristic, because they respect everyone including the children, they won't beat a child to please the boss, and there is no such a conception of degree between employee and employer, they feel everyone is equal, which is quite different from china.
Connected to the second scene, the third difference I want to analyze is the care for the children. In America, people pay more attention to the right of children which can be seen from the law—leaving children alone at home is illegal, while in China it is so common that almost everyone may experience such loneliness. And Children Welfare Agency does work in America which shows the importance Americans attach to children's right. What's more, I remember a line 'No one won the case, especially the child.' In my opinion, it also manifests the universal concern from the American public to the children.
The fourth aspect is following the procedure, in the film, more than there times, the people focus on the rule, the law, the procedure. At the Christmas Eve Xu wants to return back to his home pretending as a Santa Claus, what a pity, the security recognizes him and persuades 'you are always a good tenement, never causes troubles for me.' And another scene is at the end of the film , the judge says 'I have to follow the procedure.' However, in China people always have to ask for a favor to do something, and later you have to pay back the favor,for myself, I prefer the American style, strict to the procedure.
The fifth and the last point is the humors, Quinlan says 'you can't fall, your health security is the company paid.' 'Datong, welcome home, maybe next time, you can come from the front door.' 'dady, why you come from the window' ' because we don't have a chimney.' I really adore this distinguished American humor, especially in dangerous situations, which is quite rare in China.
That's my whole reaction to Gua Sha Treatment.
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