此诗首句用“东风吹落战尘沙”隐喻宋室灭亡;次句以“梦想西湖处士家”,借林逋的故事暗写故国之思;第三句一个“恐”字,表达作者内心的担忧,而“江南春意减”则暗叹江南备受摧残;第四句点明作诗的深意与梅无关。全诗以观梅而有感,而引发联想,但全文的主旨都与眼前盛开的梅花无关,这样言此物写彼物的手法,让情感更加深厚而沉重,曲折中见深意。
东风骀荡,摇枝拂叶,吹去了蒙在梅花上面的尘沙,花蕊花瓣,一概显露出清新的面庞。如此雅洁怡人的氛围,本该令游人陶醉,而诗人却偏要将这沙尘,想像为战火中的尘埃,因为,他从眼前的梅花联想到另外一个梅花的世界。那里刚刚经受了战火的摧残,那里曾经是西湖处士的隐居之地,那里曾是他的希望,那里是他醒里梦里都不曾忘却过的宋国京城。此诗作者虽然从未做过宋朝的臣民,但是,出于对异族统治者的不满,汉族人的宋都对于他始终是富于诱惑力的,这里的一个“梦”字,足以表白他那种朝思暮想的痴情。
想起江南之后,诗人的感情立刻变得细腻,语气也委婉起来。他担心江南的梅花大概不会如此鲜艳,江南的春景必然失去了昔日的光彩。对于蒙元初入中原的残酷洗劫,诗人耳闻目睹,记忆犹新,他担心那“大乱凡数十余年,数千里间,人民***戮几尽”(《武强尉孙君墓铭》)的惨状是否会在江南重现,所以,他在末句中直率地说出,他的《观梅有感》其实并非为梅花着想。他也许曾经憧憬过林逋所处的时代及其环境,同样身为隐士,一个伴梅饲鹤,受到皇帝的褒奖;一个却生活在异族统治者的铁蹄之下,而如今,那样一块圣地也许永久地消失了,他不能不为自己,也为所有的汉人痛心疾首。
此诗短小精悍,音节铿锵,读来朗朗上口。全篇未用任何典故,照样发人深省,意味深长。它之所以具有如此深沉的意蕴,完全得益于象征的手法。不过,象征毕竟太含蓄,太沉闷,难以容纳诗人全部的思想和愤恨,因此诗的结尾处又否定了象征手法。“此心元不为梅花”一句,实打实地透露出作者的真实感慨,犹如阴云郁积很久之后的一声闷雷,虽然沉闷了些,总算给人以希望,为全诗抹上了一道亮光。
东风吹落战尘沙,梦想西湖处士家。
春风吹落蒙在梅树枝叶上的尘沙,不由得联想到以爱梅著称的`林逋。
只恐江南春意减,此心元不为梅花。
今后的江南怕再无往日春色,我的心怎能只把梅花牵挂!
This cartoon is silly, and yet compelling: a large customer holds a hopelessly small piece of cloth as the tailor carefully measures. Such an image suggests that one needs to consider practical reality in the pursuance of goals. Merely acting on one's desires, while ignoring the facts at hand, cannot lead to success.
The fact that currently there are more graduates than jobs reminds us of the importance of rational thinking. Every year approximately 3 million students graduate from universities and begin looking for work. Many of them fail to find suitable employment because there are simply not enough opportunities to accommodate such great numbers of graduates. In addition, however, one might also cite flawed individual assessment as a reason.
In order to create a realistic target for one's future, one must make rational decisions and prepare accordingly. A student who aims to be a surgeon, for example, must take care to acquire opportunities to do clinical practice and gain sufficient knowledge. In other words, customers would do well to take accurate measurements before purchasing their fabric. A small piece of cloth cannot adequately clothe a large person.
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