用简明的语言、科学的术语对某一概念的本质特征作规定性的说明叫下定义。下定义能准确揭示事物的本质。
作用:使人们在阅读时对抽象的字词能够更加明白、理解。
例句:统筹方法,是一种安排工作进程的数学方法。——《统筹方法》(能准确揭示事物的本质。)
举出实际事例来说明事物,使所要说明的事物具体化,以便读者理解,这种说明方法叫举例子。 运用举事例的说明方法说明事物或事理,一要注意例子的代表性,二要注意例子的适量性。
作用:使文章表达的意思更明确,读者更能理解,具体地说明了说明对象的特点。
例句:云能预示天气。比如,在新疆地区,出现云就代表将要下雨。——《看云识天气》(根据大的范围列举相应的例子)
举了......例子,真实具体有力地说明了......使文章更具有说服力。
Dear Dad,
Long time no see, I do miss you. Well, let me tell you something about my life here.To tell the truth, i live a normal life just as anywhere i can live.(我过着一个在任何地方都普通的生活 My life is revolved on work and work.(我的生活除了学习还是学习Frankly,i feel tired sometimes(老实说,我有时候觉得很累.But i see, studying is the whole life to students like me.(但是我知道,学习是像我这样的学生的全部 So no matter how difficult, i will do my utmost .所以不管多艰难,我都会尽自己最大的努力。
Best wishes for you .
This is my first week in ** Senior Middle School.Everything here is new for me.Our school is an old school but it`s very beautiful.I have 50 new classmates in my class.They`re all very excellent, I think, and I felt a little sad.Because I`m too common.But come to think of it,it`s a very good thing.I believe I can also be very excellent if I study with such excellent classmates.I didn`t know why Ms *** chose me to be the committee of study.But I know it`s a good chance for me to raise my ability.All I can do is do my best in the future.I am sure that Ms *** and my classmates can help me when I do something wrong. Because they`re all very kind.It`s a pleasure to work and study with them.I`m really very happy.I`m not an outstanding student in this class,but I can do the same thing like others.I believe I won`t make anyone disappointed.
说明事物的特征,往往从单方面不易说清楚,可以根据形状、性质、成因、功用等属性的异同,把事物分成若干类,然后依照类别逐一加以说明。这种说明方法,叫分类别。
作用:条理清晰,层次清晰,一目了然。清晰地说明了说明对象的特点,使文章更具有说服力。
例句:按屏的建造材料极其装饰的华丽程度,分为金屏、银屏、锦屏、画屏、石屏、木屏、竹屏等,因而在艺术上有雅俗之别,同时也显露了使用人不同的经济与文化水平。——《说“屏”》(使读者明白屏的种类。)
从一个侧面,在事物的某一个特点做些一般性的解释。
作用:使读者在阅读时对抽象的字词能够更加明白,更加理解。
例句:大拱的两肩上,各有两个小拱。这个创造性的设计,不但节约了石料,减轻了桥身的重量,而且在河水暴涨的时候,还可以增加桥洞的过水量,减轻洪水对桥身的冲击。同时,拱上加拱,桥身也更美观。——《中国石拱桥》(使读者明白这个设计的巧妙之处。)
为了使被说明对象更形象、具体,可以进行状貌摹写
作用:描摹了……的……特点,生动形象详细具体地说明了……,使被说明对象更准确更详尽更生动。
例句:这些石刻石狮子,有的母子相抱,有的交头接耳,有的像倾听水声,有的像注视行人,千态万状,惟妙惟肖。——《中国石拱桥》( 使被说明更具体,更形象。)
暑假即将来临。
你班同学讨论了假期计划,提出了不同看法。
请根据提示写一篇有关讨论的英语短文,并谈谈你的看法。
注意:1.短文必须写在答题卡的指定区域,词数80——120(不含已写好部分)。
2.短文必须包括表中所列要点,可根据内容分段表达。
3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
4.参考词汇:眼界——horizon(或view)
One possible version:
The summer holiday is coming. Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday. Some are in favor of staying at home. They think it’s both convenient and comfortable. What’s more, they can save money for other purposes. But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world.
However, others prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons. But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.
In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.
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