按图表写,首先要读懂图表,理解其包含的信息。为此目的,应注意三点:第一是读懂标题,明白图表的目的;第二是研究图表主题,理解各项内容及其之间的联系;第三是注意图表的说明或图例,以免误解。总之,对图表的研究要仔细,理解和判断要准确,不能草率做出决定,以免在文章内容方面丢分。
读懂图表之后,立即思考文章应表达的内容。这里,我们应该明白两个制约因素:其一是作文写作时间只有二十多分钟,不可能长篇大论;其二是图表内容繁多,不可能一一说明,也不能写成枯燥无味的'流水账。考虑取舍时,应注意总的趋势,概貌,相互关系,典型的例子或数据,抓住这些之后,其他的内容实际上也包含在其中,不必再提及。
文章的写法没有固定的模式,但因题材的限制,变化太大也不可能。第一段必须说明图表的性质与目的,没有这一点,文章的主题难以突出。自然段的划分以清楚明了为原则,例如第一段谈图表的目的,其余自然段应当以所谈要点划分,最后一段可谈自己的理解和看法(也可不谈。写作时的关键是每个要点谈完后,应给出例证,把该说地说完,然后再进入下一要点,不能不顾文章条理,把想到的内容随便乱放。
再语言方式上,要注意句式的变化,尽量避免反复使用某一句型。再并列情况较多时,设法采用连结词或关系词将领岁的内容串在一起,为文章的主题服务。全文的思路可以用主题句,自然段,逻辑词等手法表明,使读者感到作者的思路清晰,感到全文是个有机的整体。遇到众多雷同的词汇短语时,能变化的尽量变化,无力变化时可用句式变化弥补。
The Lord and the Hermit
Once upon a time there was a rapacious lord. He was relentless to his tenants and quelled them by placing quotas to their living condition. Soon he collected quantitatively great revenue and lived in a radiate palace. He was also renowned for his queer clothes.
One day the lord’s disease relapsed, so he rallied his subordinates for help. One of them said: “I’ve heard of a recluse who knows regimen well residing nearby. Why not visit his residence for help?” Another retorted: “Be prudent, maybe it is only a rumor.” But the rash lord was filled with rapture and ratified the visiting plan.??
On the next Sunday, the lord purged himself, held a quaint rite and started for the hermit’s home. They passed rugged rustic passages full of paddles and the lord almost recoiled. Finally they arrived. The lord felt disappointed at the recluse’s reception, but he wouldn’t relinquish the chance and talked to the hermit with reverence.
The hermit ruminated and reverted to the main topic in a pungent voice: “I’ve heard lots of your ravenous deeds. You retract the land you’ve distributed to the farmers and order them to redeem their land. You must redress your guilt and rehabilitate their freedom. Reimburse their respective debts and build refuge for them. You can retain the residue of your property.”??
The lord was reluctant to renounce his wealth and be rent from his palace. He rebuked: “Your advice is too reckless. I’m resolute not to accept it.”
“Why so repulsive? You cannot repudiate my words.” The hermit reiterated his suggestion and its resonance echoed. “Remit their taxes with rebates, or a riot is imminent.”
The lord again refuted. At last he went back in remorse.
Prisoners of War?
Thousands of war prisoners were kept in captivity in the bulky camp. They lived in clutter and had to deal with chore. They must show categorical obedience or else receive caustic chiding. The guarding officers censure them very often, as well as clamoring carnal punishments. Some captives got bruise and clots all over. Male prisoners lost their collaterals and female ones fail to keep chaste.??
They wear burnished canvas, and rested in circumscribed room with small capacity and caliber. They chafe each other and brawled frequently. They were chary of moving and can hardly budge. Their situations captivated lots of reporters, who castigated the government with cogent proof. However, the government gave bombastic data and bragged about the conditions in the camps.??
After the calamity of war ceased, large numbers of captives were longing for the boon of brisk free life. According to a clandestine bond between the two canny governments, a process of exchanging captives will soon commence. This is considered as opening a cleft in the clogged wall between the two countries.
桑拉开了帐子。渔夫提起马灯,看见两个金黄色头发,圆圆脸蛋的小孤儿。
“原来你已经把他们抱回来了?”渔夫困惑不解地问。
“噢,真对不起!我自作主张把西蒙的孩子抱回来,没经过你的同意,哦真怕你会揍我啊!”
“怎么回呢,你做得很好,我又怎么会揍你呢,桑娜。”
桑娜听了,深情地望着渔夫,心里犹如放下了千斤大石,微微一笑,轻轻的抚摸这两个孩子。
“放心吧,桑娜,我们只要多努力捕鱼,上帝一定会保佑我们的,我相信日子不会很艰苦,总会熬得过去的。”
“嗯,是的。”
“好了,你也累了,快去睡吧。”渔夫拍了拍桑娜的肩,桑娜放下手中的活儿,熄了灯,安心地睡了。在梦里,她看见了渔夫出海满载而归,孩子们活得很健康,生活过得很温馨。
第二天早上,柔和的太阳光投进小屋里,屋里显得特别温暖。孩子们都醒了,两个孤儿看见自己身在异处,不见了妈妈,便大哭起来,桑娜只好哄哄他们说:“乖吧,宝贝,你们的`妈妈到了外地工作,去挣钱,你们要乖啊,你们知道吗。”两个孩子似乎明白了,立刻静了下来。
渔夫划着小渔船,向桑娜和孩子们招手:“放心吧!孩子们、桑娜,我一定不会令你们失望的,等我的好消息吧!”说着,他带着坚毅的信念,带着全家人的希望,踏风而去,越去越远,渐渐消失在红日和海的交界线里。
桑娜照顾着七个孩子,把屋子整理得整整齐齐,打扫得一干二净,食具放在搁板上闪闪发亮,她耐心地等待着丈夫回来。
调皮的太阳玩累了,悄悄地躲在山后。桑娜在门外徘徊着,焦急地等待她丈夫回来。
“嗨,桑娜,我回来啦!”渔夫正在远处驶来。只见他笑容满面,船上的鱼在活蹦乱跳,多得再也装不下了。“你看,我们成功了,多得上帝保佑,给我们收了!”
“哈哈哈。”一家人高兴地笑了,渔夫一手抱起了两个孤儿,望着他们,欣慰地笑了。
红红的太阳,正目睹了一切。他也慈祥的笑了,笑得多么的灿烂、温暖,意味着他们一家将更美满、幸福。
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