所谓类比,就是借助某个或某几个类似的故事、实例或写作者安排的情境,进行由此及彼的推理。
用于类比的事物大致有这么几种:古今中外的史实、神话传说、寓言、写作者自己创设的情境等。
运用类比要注意所选取的“类体”要同类,不能相对或相反;在类比之后要剖析,要善于揭示,一语破的,一刀见血。
During the first three years of junior school ,we were very happy and free .But we often heard that Grade 4 would be a hell. After the final exam of Grade 3 in June, everything blew onto our faces : teachers’ changing , harder and harder texts , terrible pressure and of course the graduate exam .Where your position was on the listboard became the most important thing in our life .We had to study hard day and night ,always from 6:00 a.m. to 1:00 or 2:00 a.m. the next day.
But I must say that it’s really an unforgettable memory in my life. Under the pressure we lived our life to the fullest, and enjoyed the true interesting things that we may have never cared before. Grade 4 in junior school was a turning point in my life. My attitude to learning, my world outlook and my philosophy of life all changed. I turned to be positive and strong. I also gained many people’s true & pure friendship, both teachers ’ and classmates’. In some way, I like that kind of life, as it taught me many things I’d never learned before.
Teachers also helped me a lot. I still can’t forget that my history teacher talked to me until 10:00 p.m. on April 30th, 2003, for my application. My head teacher also encouraged me, so did my Chinese teacher. I should say, all my teachers worked very hard and always neglected their sleep and meals. Even if some of them were about 50 and often fell ill, they never left us one day .
The last and greatest challenge was of course the final exam, also my high school entrance exam. I felt very well and comfortable except my chemistryphysics exams. The result proved that I couldn’t have done worse in them. But in total, my mark is O.K. So then I became a student in the best high school of Hubei Province.
We, teachers and students, got together in East Lake Hotel on June 4th, 2003. At the moment of saying goodbye, I felt that my time of junior had gone ,and my senior time was coming .
Today, I looked at my graduate photos again ,and ,I smiled .
He once hesitated ,struggled, feared and doubted, like an ordinary man would do. But he just "stays at the door of fate", as the name of his newly-written book says, and waits till the door opens instead of leaving during the half way. Then there comes a wholly new world where the beautiful dream lies .
与祖国共命运
2 связывать свою суьу с суьой Роины
将自己的命运与祖国的命运联系在一起
3 ити туа , куа Роина зовёт
到祖国召唤的地方去
4 Если потреуется , отать жизнь Роине ез минуты колеания.
如果需要的话,会毫不犹豫为祖国献出生命。
5 встать груью за Роину
挺起胸膛保卫祖国
6 оиваться процветания Роины
为祖国繁荣而努力
7 умножать славу Роины
为祖国增光添彩
8 ыть остойным сыном и гражанином Роины
做祖国合格的`儿子和公民
9 соственными руками созавать огатство и могущество Роины
用自己的双手创造祖国的富强昌盛
10 воспитывать кого в ухе патриотизма
培养……的爱国主义精神
11 горячо откликаться на призыв Роины .
热情地响应祖国的号召
12 ити по пути, указанному партией
沿着党指引的路线前进
13 Люовь к Роине олжна воплощаться в еле.
对祖国的爱应该体现在事业中。
14 Люовь к Роине проявляется везе н всега , и в великом, и в малом.
对祖国的爱谁是谁出能表现出来,不论在大事中还是在小事中都能表现出来。
15 Ге ни ыть - Роине служить.
不论在哪里都要为祖国服务。
16 Роина, такая, какая она есть сегоня - это Роина, которую наши отцы и еы завоевали в революционной орье.
今天的祖国是我们的父辈用生命斗争换来的。
17 Не ыло ы компартии, не ыло ы и нового Китая.
没有共产党就没有新中国。
18 Только социализм может сласти Китай.
只有社会主义才能救中国。
19 Благоаря нашему труу, лагоаря силе наших рук и нашего ума ует крепнуть и расцветать отечество.
祖国的盛大昌盛靠的是我们的劳动,我们的双手和智慧。
20 каким ы искренним чувством ни говорили мы о нашем патриотизме . всё-таки самым главным ля его проявления ует ля кажого из нас та практическая раота , которую он возьмет на свои соственные плечи.
不论我们是多么发自肺腑地谈论爱国主义,但对每一个人来说,爱国主义最主要的表现方式仍是自己承担的那份工作。
粮食哺育的是身体,而书籍哺育的是灵魂。一个知识与智慧不断增长的人,才是健康的人,我要做个健康的人。
一本我喜爱的书就是一位朋友,一位老师,也是一处我随时想去就去的故地以及生活的营养品。一本好书蕴含着丰富的知识和美好的情感。阅读一本好书,就是跨越时间和空间,同睿智而高尚的人对话,这是多么美妙的事情啊!古今中外有成就的人,都喜欢阅读,并善于从书中汲取营养,从而走上了成功之路。一本书,从不同的角度,以不同的方式,去读书,都能读得津津有味,因为世上没有两个人会用同一种方式读同一本书。
我十分爱看书,每次看得如痴如醉,如饥似渴,从中汲取有用的东西。莎士比亚说“书籍是全世界的营养品”。像我这样对看书到沉迷的少年,它的功用更是不言而喻。醉心阅读使我得到了报偿。我的作文不再千篇一律,每一篇都别出心裁,与众不同,常常受到老师的好评。真是“读书破万卷,下笔如有神”,现在觉得“一日无书,百事荒芜”啊!
我最爱看记事的作文,吸引我的是那一波浙的故事,是各种人物的命运遭遇,他们的悲欢离合常常使我牵肠挂肚。童年即将过去,书占了童年的大部分时光,但我依然过得很快乐,因为看书是我最大的享受。童年像一幅流光溢彩的画卷,书就像画卷上一阕跳跃着的欢快的音符的乐章。
书,永远的营养品。
例证法也叫事例论证,是用令人信服的典型事例来证明自己论点正确的一种方法。它是议论文写作中最常用的一种论证方法。“事实强于雄辩”,在典型的事例面前,道理不言而喻。
要用好例证法,必须注意以下几个方面:
1、事例要典型、确凿、有影响力。一般来讲,应优先考虑著名的人物或事例,慎用校园、家庭、市井街头的琐碎事例。
2、事例的叙述要简明扼要,切忌拖泥带水,过于详细。举例是为了证明观点,不是为了弄清事实,切忌本末倒置。
3、事例切忌单一狭隘,要丰富广阔,要点面结合,古今中外相映成辉。同类事例掌握多时可考虑采用句式排比列举。
4、事例列举之后要简短分析,不能将例证法变成事例整理,忌有例无证。
5、勤于积累,精于筛选。“书到用时方恨少”,平时多读书报,摘记、剪贴是主要手段。积累多了,自然能融会贯通、左右逢源。
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