1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that they would help us through the whole work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。在whether … or not结构中不能用if替换。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
今天是四月的第一天,我们四年级举行了春游活动,地点是桃花坞。我们是步行去的,经历了风吹日晒,总算到了公园门口,可把我们累的不行了。
我抬头一望,咋回事啊?哪儿那么多花灯呢?我想:一定是花灯展吧?奇怪,元宵节过去了一个多月了,才弄花灯展?不过挺漂亮的,正好举行摄影大赛,让我有机会露两手,照几张哦!我迅速拿出照相机,喀嚓、喀嚓地照了几张花灯图,有腾龙、小猴、城堡等等,我自己都觉得自己照的好,人家也说不错,我太开心啦,头一次被人夸奖的感觉就是这样。(是不是感觉我是王婆卖瓜——-自卖自夸呀?)
接着,我们到了中心广场,在桃花仙子像是面前,全班合了影,各位同学都是心花怒放,路中心有鬼屋、儿童乐园、抓蝌蚪等游戏设备,我也拍了几张。
顺着老师的步伐,我们还去了石山那边,可惜没照,又去看了油菜花,黄灿灿的美景,让我们感受到春的气息,我忍不住喀嚓了几张,我们全班在这儿停下休息,自由时间到。
我和好朋友在一起,分享着食物的美味,吃完,我就和好朋友照了合影,很开心。
最终,我们依依不舍的离开了桃花坞公园……
介词短语替代定语从句有两种方式:(1省略“关系副词+主语+be动词”,或“关系代词+be动词”;(2根据从句的意思改编。
例1:We have never forgotten the days (when we were at college.
我们从来没有忘记在大学对书的日子。
例2:I don’t know the person (who is in your office.
在你办公司的那个人我不认识。
例3:Those who have high expectations but do not have those relationship skills are likely to be brought down to earth fairly quickly as their Prince or Princess Charming falls off their pedestal.
改为:Those with high expectations but without those relationship skills are likely to be brought down to earth fairly quickly as their Prince or Princess Charming falls off their pedestal.
那些对婚姻期望太高却又不具备处理婚姻关系技巧的人,一旦他们心中的白马王子或白雪公主从神圣的光环里跌落,他们就会很快地回到现实中。
例4:He is not a person who likes to haggle over every ounce.
改为:He is a person above personal interests.
他不是一个斤斤计较的人。
如果定语从句的时态与主句的时态具有同时性(包括谓语有情态动词或之后性,则可以用“关系代词或关系副词+不定式”来简化,或直接用“不定式”来修饰先行词。要注意的是,此时的不定式一定要是及物动词,如果是不及物,则需要在动词后面加上相应的介词,使之成为及物动词短语。这个结尾的介词可以提前到关系代词前面,也可以继续留在句尾。前者是正式说法,后者是非正式说法。
例1:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which they could play in.
我们搬到了乡下,好让孩子们有个花园在里面玩。
改为:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which to play.
或者:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden to play in.
例2:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors (whomhe could quarrel with.
他要是没有可以吵架的邻居就难受。
改为:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel.
或者:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors to quarrel with.
例3: The conference which will be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success. 计划在今天下午举行的会议一定会取得成功。
改为:The conference which to be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success.
或者:The conference to be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success.
例4:At a ceremony in Honolulu on Dec. 29, Postmaster General John E. Potter gave a preview of the Lunar New Year Commemorative Stamps Souvenir Sheet, the grand finale of the Lunar Year stamp series, which will be available in 2005.
12月29日,美国邮政总局局长约翰·E·波特在檀香山从句了农历新年的纪念邮票小型张的揭幕仪式,这枚小型张将于2005年正式发行,它为农历新年的系列纪念邮票写下了完美的结局。(注意:与定语从句一样,也可以采用非限制性形式
改为:At a ceremony in Honolulu on Dec. 29, Postmaster General John E. Potter gave a preview of the Lunar New Year Commemorative Stamps Souvenir Sheet, the grand finale of the Lunar Year stamp series, to be available in 2005.
对于宾语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下,常从引导词的`选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。
典型例题:Please tell me ______ last year.
A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work
C .where your sister works D where your sister worked
解析:本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序,所以排除A和B;last year表示过去时,所以排除C 。
答案:D
星期五时,我们五年级去黄河春游。一路上,太阳和我们做伴,杨树冲我们点头,野花对我们微笑。大约过了三个小时,我们终于到达了盼望已久的母亲河。
黄河公园里有许多棵“长寿”的松树,那些松树依旧十分挺拔。公园里还有一尊大铁牛。虽说叫“铁牛”,可摸上去感觉像是石头。那尊铁牛正闭目养神,直视着西方。一看这姿态和眼神,我就感觉这铁牛有一种神不可侵犯的威严。
观赏完这些景色,我就来到黄河边上,看那滔滔的母亲河。黄河水流得很慢,但我觉得那不是平常的水在流。这里面包含了中华民族的血汗和永垂不朽的精神。想到这里,我的脑海中浮出了《黄河大合唱》的歌词,便冲着黄河唱了起来。我的心久久不能平静。
接着我们又去了黄河浮桥。这里要危险的多,水流的也很急,但景色十分壮观。我还清楚的看见黄河水把拴在栏杆上的船推动了呢!
观赏完黄河浮桥,我们就要回去了。一路上,我心里想的全都是雄伟壮观的母亲河。我的脑海里浮现着无边无际的黄河水向东流去的情景。心久久不能平静。
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