3、看结尾。作者在文章的结尾部分,常常对全文论述的内容加以归纳,有时回扣中心,有时到结尾才揭示中心。
(一)审察论题。通过阅读明确文章的论题是什么,对文章的论题还是能把握的,然后在这一论题中作者的看法、主张是什么,这样一问作者的观点就会比较明确。
(二)通过论据来反推论点。议论文中作者为了能更好地阐明道理,常用论据来证明自己的观点。即抓住文中所运用的事实或道理论据用来证明什么,尤其要抓住的是作者对论据所阐述的话,这些话往往能帮肋你理解。
思考:这些议论文的论点是什么?它们是怎样提出来的
通过复习让学生初步具有把握文章中心论点的能力
to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.
Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
培养归纳议论文的论点的能力
1、 论点的辨析、判断、提取、归纳
2、 论据类型的认识、分析,按要求补写论据
3、 论证方法的辨识、理解
4、 论证结构的清理、划分,论证思路的理解
5、 文或段的思想内容的分析、概括
6、 词、句含义的理解和体味
7、 论证方式的辨别
8、 知识的积累与语言的实际运用
9、 议论文语言风格的。
马虎的字会令人困惑不说,也许还会贻误后人吧。我们的古典文学中“悬案”太多,因何而“悬”呢?我常驻想,像李商隐的《行次西郊作一百韵》诗“逆者问鼎大”中的“逆”字,有的版本却作“送”字;辛弃疾的《鹧鸪天》词不达意“却将万字平戎策“中的”却“字,某些版酏又为”都有“字;甚至五代的一位大词家究竟叫冯延已还是冯延已,到今天还莫衷一是。此等例子真是俯拾即是,无非是因为当时传抄或刻印者的草率而”悬“起来的。古人误了一两笔,后人就争议一千年,这教训无论如何是够深刻的。
道理很明白:字是写给别人看的,写字人就要时时想到看字人。不是说草体字不可以写,但是必须以“写端正”为先,工而后巧,正而后奇。即使最后“奇”到“狂草”的地步,也须依循书法的规矩。兴之所至,龙飞凤舞,乱写一气,实质上是把方便留给自己,将麻烦甩给别人。就像鲁迅曾经批评的,有些青年作者“赶快写完了事,别人看了三遍五遍看不明白,这费了许多工夫,他不管。反正这费的不是他的。”其实,甩给看字人的麻烦,结果仍会反射到写字人身上。写字,既是人与人之间的以交流思想、传播信息的,那么它就与双方都有利害相关。一封字迹模糊的急信,固然使亲属友人摸不着头脑,归根到底却贻误了自己的大事;一分紧急求援的业务报告,可能会因为字体不堪卒读而在对方手中耽搁了时间;一篇胡乱泼墨的稿件到了编辑手中,首先会引起编辑不良的心理反应,削减阅读的兴趣……既麻烦人,又不利己。可见乱写一气的不好习惯,只有戒除,绝无保留的理由。
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